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OCI is transmissible parenterally both in vivo and in vitro, however the duration and outcome of OCI remains unclear. OCI is most consistently found in patients with previous hepatitis C disease and hemodialysis patients. Beyond the at\u2010risk populations, OCI has also been demonstrated among healthy individuals and blood donors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review summarises our current understanding of OCI and suggests areas for further research to improve our understanding of this phenomenon, including a better understanding of its epidemiology and full clinical course. The current understanding of OCI and its clinical implications remain limited. Further standardized detection methods, ongoing surveillance, and investigation of its potential transmissions are required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]],"date-time":"2020-08-15T10:23:26Z","timestamp":1597487006000},"page":"2144-2152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Understanding occult hepatitis C infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8967-1959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Australia Red Cross Lifeblood  Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Australia Red Cross Lifeblood  Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Health and Sports Science University of the Sunshine Coast  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7257-1844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Flower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Australia Red Cross Lifeblood  Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tayla","family":"Tatzenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Australia Red Cross Lifeblood  Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3169-9884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiu Tat","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australia Red Cross Lifeblood  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2849-7122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Kiely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australia Red Cross Lifeblood  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3446-8248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen M.","family":"Faddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Australia Red Cross Lifeblood  Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Health and Sports Science University of the Sunshine Coast  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"WHO. 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