{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T04:28:51Z","timestamp":1790483331678,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAIHA) is a disorder with a usually good response to corticosteroid treatment, whereas in some cases first\u2010line treatment's response is poor and other therapies such as intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs), rituximab, or splenectomy must be applied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Herein, we describe two patients with severe WAIHA treated at our center, who obtained a response after therapeutic plasma exchanges (TPEs) combined with low doses of IVIG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The first patient was an 18\u2010year\u2010old man with no relevant past medical history who was diagnosed with WAIHA. The patient presented a progressive clinical worsening despite treatment with prednisone, IVIG, and rituximab. After starting TPEs, signs of hemolysis rapidly improved and hemoglobin started to recover. The second patient was a 38\u2010year\u2010old man with a past history of immune thrombocytopenia and WAIHA. The patient presented a new flare of WAIHA, with no response after 2\u2009weeks of treatment with corticosteroids, IVIG, and rituximab. After initiation of TPEs, the patient had an improvement in hemolysis biomarkers and recovery of hemoglobin concentration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combination of TPEs with rituximab and IVIG might be considered as a therapeutic option in patients with severe WAIHA without response to corticosteroid and IVIG treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T14:49:41Z","timestamp":1603378181000},"page":"2753-2757","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role of therapeutic plasma exchanges in refractory severe warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia: Presentation of two case reports"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2228-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Apheresis &amp; Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, IDIBAPS, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5445-4508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan","family":"Cid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apheresis &amp; Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, IDIBAPS, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Palomino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apheresis &amp; Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, IDIBAPS, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Gin\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apheresis &amp; Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, IDIBAPS, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Alvarez\u2010Larr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apheresis &amp; Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, IDIBAPS, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda T.","family":"Cibeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apheresis &amp; Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, IDIBAPS, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2593-833X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miquel","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apheresis &amp; Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, IDIBAPS, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.21705"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13215"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12948"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"224","article-title":"Prediction of blood volume in normal human adults","volume":"51","author":"Nadler SB","year":"1962","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24570"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03608.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.2920010407"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13932"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-014-1648-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.20096"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-9987.2008.00568.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1978.tb01078.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000183474"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/039139888500800309"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1012376"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1009433"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.16143","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/trf.16143","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.16143","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T17:54:27Z","timestamp":1693677267000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.16143"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.16143"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.16143","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}