{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T22:24:38Z","timestamp":1773527078593,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006090","name":"Center for Global Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5NU2GGH000994\u201005\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5NU2GGH000994\u201005\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To quantify the impact of the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) on the risk of HIV transmission through infected blood donations in countries supported by PEPFAR blood safety programs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data reported to the World Health Organization Global Database on Blood Safety were analyzed from 28 countries in sub\u2010Saharan Africa (SSA), Asia, and the Caribbean during 2004\u20102015. We used the Goals model of Spectrum Spectrum System Software, version 5.53, to perform the modeling, assuming laboratory quality for HIV testing had 91.9% sensitivity and 97.7% specificity irrespective of testing method based on results of two external quality assurance and proficiency testing studies of transfusion screening for HIV in SSA blood centers. We calculated the number of new HIV infections from the number of transfusions and the prevalence of HIV infection acquired from blood transfusions with infected blood donations. We determined the impact of laboratory testing programs by estimating the number of new HIV infections averted since PEPFAR implementation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Assuming that HIV testing would not be performed in any of these countries without PEPFAR funding, the number of new HIV infections acquired from blood transfusions averted by laboratory testing increased over time in all 28 countries. The total number of HIV infections averted was estimated at 229\u2009278 out of 20\u2009428\u2009373 blood transfusions during 2004\u20102015.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our mathematical modeling suggests a positive impact achieved over 12\u2009years of PEPFAR support for blood safety. Standardized HIV testing of donated blood has reduced the risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusions in SSA, Asia, and the Caribbean.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T22:05:13Z","timestamp":1611871513000},"page":"851-861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["New HIV infections from blood transfusions averted in 28 countries supported by PEPFAR blood safety programs, 2004\u20102015"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6862-363X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima D.","family":"Mili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV\/AIDS and Tuberculosis Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avenir Health  Glastonbury Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ray W.","family":"Shiraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV\/AIDS and Tuberculosis Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junping","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Bock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV\/AIDS and Tuberculosis Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bakary","family":"Drammeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV\/AIDS and Tuberculosis Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. Heather","family":"Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator and Health Diplomacy  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Benech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV\/AIDS and Tuberculosis Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"The United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). 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