{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T22:51:15Z","timestamp":1789080675631,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired disease characterized by thrombocytopenia secondary to autoantibodies against platelets. Here, we report the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019)\u2010induced ITP cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed 3255 COVID\u201019 patients. COVID\u201019\u2010induced ITP was diagnosed after excluding possible common causes. Bleeding severity was assessed based on the modified World Health Organization (WHO) bleeding severity score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 11 (0.34%) patients with COVID\u201019\u2010induced ITP. Of all patients, 63.6% were males and the median age was 63\u2009years. The median time from COVID\u201019 diagnosis to the onset of ITP was 10\u2009days. Bleeding observed in 63.6% of the patients. Clinically significant bleeding (WHO Grade 3) occurred in single patient who required blood transfusion. Standard treatment with glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was effective in achieving excellent response in most cases. Of all patients, complete response and response to treatment were achieved in 45.5% and 27.3% patients, respectively. The median time to ITP recovery was 4\u2009days. Eltrombopag was used in three patients who relapsed. Four patients required mechanical ventilation, and none of them survived secondary to hypoxic respiratory failure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ITP secondary to COVID\u201019 usually presents after the first week of symptoms beginning. Most of our patients had WHO Grade 1\u20132 bleeding scores. Standard treatment with glucocorticoids and IVIG is effective in achieving an excellent response. The safety of eltrombopag is not very well established in COVID\u201019 patients, and additional studies are needed for a better safety profile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T10:45:33Z","timestamp":1615891533000},"page":"2014-2018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Outcomes and management of immune thrombocytopenia secondary to <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019: Cleveland clinic experience"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4651-5125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tariq","family":"Kewan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarini N.","family":"Gunaratne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komal","family":"Mushtaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Alayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Daw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdo","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra010501"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","article-title":"Critically ill SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 patients display lupus\u2010like hallmarks of extrafollicular B cell activation","author":"Woodruff M","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.13303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immune thrombocytopenia secondary to COVID\u201019: A systematic review","author":"Bhattacharjee S","year":"2020","journal-title":"SN Compr Clin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-07-162503"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-1589"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21616"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16775"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.16368","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/trf.16368","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.16368","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T00:44:14Z","timestamp":1693356254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.16368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.16368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.16368","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}