{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:20:02Z","timestamp":1772252402707,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transfusion\u2010transmissible infections such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) remain a major concern for the safety of blood transfusion. This cross\u2010sectional study aimed to assess the trend of HBV prevalence and associated risk factors among a first\u2010time donor population in a low endemic country.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between 2010 and 2018, blood samples were collected from first\u2010time donors presented at donor collection sites of Belgian Red Cross\u2010Flanders. They were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antibodies (anti\u2010HBc), and HBV DNA, HIV and hepatitis virus C (HCV) antibodies and RNA, and syphilis antibodies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 211,331 first\u2010time blood donors (43.7% males, median age 25\u2009years) were analyzed. HBsAg prevalence decreased from 0.06% in 2010 to 0.05% in 2018 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.004) and this declining trend was accompanied by an increased number of donors in the HBV vaccinated birth cohort (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u2009.001). HBsAg prevalence was 0.33% in foreign\u2010born donors and 0.02% in Belgian natives (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u2009.001). Multivariate risk profiling showed that anti\u2010HBc positivity was significantly associated with mainly foreign\u2010born donors (odds ratio [OR]\u00a0=\u00a09.24) but also with older age (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.06), male gender (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.32), year of blood donation (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.94), and co\u2010infections with HCV (OR\u00a0=\u00a04.31) or syphilis (OR\u00a0=\u00a04.91).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The decreasing trend in HBV prevalence could mainly be explained by the introduction of the universal HBV vaccination. Being born in endemic areas was the most important predictor for HBV infection while the co\u2010infections with syphilis suggest unreported sexual risk contacts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T06:35:30Z","timestamp":1620369330000},"page":"2125-2136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Hepatitis B virus prevalence in first\u2010time blood donors in Flanders, Belgium: Impact of universal vaccination and migration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0605-2376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"De Brier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Evidence\u2010Based Practice Belgian Red Cross  Mechelen Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr M.","family":"Koc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ziekenhuis Oost\u2010Limburg  Genk Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences Hasselt University  Hasselt Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of NUTRIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmy","family":"De Buck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Evidence\u2010Based Practice Belgian Red Cross  Mechelen Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Muylaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Service Belgian Red Cross  Mechelen Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederik","family":"Nevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miek","family":"Vanbrabant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Service Belgian Red Cross  Mechelen Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Vandeloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Service Belgian Red Cross  Mechelen Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Van Remoortel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Evidence\u2010Based Practice Belgian Red Cross  Mechelen Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geert","family":"Robaeys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ziekenhuis Oost\u2010Limburg  Genk Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences Hasselt University  Hasselt Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veerle","family":"Compernolle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Service Belgian Red Cross  Mechelen Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Ghent  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60220-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.18.219469"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Fact\u2010sheet: Hepatitis B 2019.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b. 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