{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:08:39Z","timestamp":1790878119655,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> is an intraerythrocytic parasite responsible for hundreds of cases of transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis in the past 50\u2009years. In May of 2020, blood testing for <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> was implemented at the American Red Cross (ARC) for all donations in endemic areas of the northeastern and midwestern regions of the United States.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between May 2020 and May 2021, 1,816,669 donations from 13 states and DC were tested for <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> by the ARC. Testing was performed in pools of 16 whole blood lysates using a licensed nucleic acid test (NAT) targeting <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> 18S rRNA. Reactive donations were tested for <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> antibody by immunoglobulin G immunofluorescence. Suspected cases of transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis (TTB) were investigated if reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The first 13\u2009months of <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> screening identified 365 NAT\u2010reactive donations. Antibodies for <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> were detected in 79% (287) of reactive donations; negative serology samples were prevalent between May and July. Follow\u2010up donations were collected from 142 donors, and 86% (122), collected up to 74\u2009days after index, remained NAT reactive. Reactive donations were mainly collected in MA (77), CT (68), NY (49), NJ (47), and PA (44), but were identified in all states except Delaware. Most reactive blood donors were male (65%) aged between 40 and 80\u2009years. Since the beginning of <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> testing, no case of TTB was identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The absence of TTB cases since implementation of <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> screening for blood donations collected in endemic areas suggests testing is an effective strategy to eliminate TTB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T12:28:38Z","timestamp":1635856118000},"page":"135-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["<i>Babesia<\/i> blood testing: the first\u2010year experience"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7735-8420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Tonnetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"},{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Gaithersburg Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger Y.","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"},{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Gaithersburg Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Gaithersburg Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5865-6366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan L.","family":"Stramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"},{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Gaithersburg Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2018.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00137-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1004.030377"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-7-199604010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200208293470921"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00362"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15425"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix216"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1600897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15630"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"Recommendations for Reducing the Risk of Transfusion\u2010Transmitted Babesiosis [Monograph on the Internet]. 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