{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T20:11:58Z","timestamp":1790194318716,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The currently ongoing outbreak of monkeypox virus in many non\u2010endemic countries around the world has also raised concerns about the safety of plasma\u2010derived medicinal products. Based on what is known about the poxviridae, that is, that members are exceedingly large and carry a lipid envelope, effective removal and inactivation by plasma product manufacturing processes is expected. For the widely used solvent\u2010detergent (S\/D) treatments, however, poxviruses have been reported as potentially being a bit more resistant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using a S\/D mixture comprising tri\u2010n\u2010butyl\u2010phosphate, polysorbate 80 and Triton X\u2010100 (TX\u2010100), inactivation of vaccinia virus (a model closely resembling monkeypox virus, both within the same genus, i.e., Orthopoxvirus) in a plasma\u2010derived process intermediate was analyzed over 60\u2009min. As use of Triton X\u2010100 will, based on environmental concerns, be restricted, similar experiments were conducted with a physicochemically virtually identical alternative, Nereid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fast inactivation of vaccinia virus to the assay detection limit, that is, reduction of infectivity by greater than 4 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> within 10\u201320\u2009min, was measured for the TX\u2010100\u2009S\/D mixture. The alternative S\/D mixture (Nereid instead of TX\u2010100) was found fully equivalent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>As for other lipid\u2010enveloped viruses, treatment of process intermediates with S\/D mixtures containing TX\u2010100 or the closely related detergent Nereid are highly effective in inactivating poxviruses. Thus, the current spread of monkeypox virus does not compromise the viral safety margins of plasma\u2010derived medicines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T05:44:35Z","timestamp":1663911875000},"page":"2454-2457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Orthopox viruses and the safety margins of solvent\u2010detergent treated plasma\u2010derived medicinal products"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Johanna","family":"Kindermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Pathogen Safety Takeda Manufacturing Austria AG  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8064-2489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Karbiener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Pathogen Safety Takeda Manufacturing Austria AG  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9970-0987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Kreil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Pathogen Safety Takeda Manufacturing Austria AG  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Multi\u2010country monkeypox outbreak: situation update [monograph on the internet]. 2022. Available from:https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/disease-outbreak-news\/item\/2022-DON393. Accessed August 16 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-022-01874-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/biol.1999.0236"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2004.00530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eng2.12078"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency.CPMP Note for Guidance on Plasma Derived Medicinal Products (CPMP\/BWP\/269\/95) 1996."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2007.01016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"FarcetJB KindermannJ TilleB KreilTR.Environmentally compatible detergents for inactivation of lipid\u2010enveloped viruses. WO 2019\/086463 A1. In: Baxalta ed. 2019WO 2019\/086463 A1."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00228-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V59.3.482.482"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-559-6_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15807"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02222.x"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.17131","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/trf.17131","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.17131","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T15:23:38Z","timestamp":1692545018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.17131"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.17131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.17131","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}