{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:11:14Z","timestamp":1788383474124,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Administration of anti\u2010CD38 antibodies is a state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art therapy for patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). However, this treatment frequently leads to pan\u2010agglutination of red blood cells (RBCs) in patients' serological testing making accurate blood typing and timely transfusion of compatible blood a challenging effort. The antigen masking indirect antiglobulin test (AMIAT) is an approach to address this diagnostic challenge.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A new reagent, called DaraEx\n plus<\/jats:italic>\n , uses anti\u2010CD38 Fab fragments to mitigate the anti\u2010CD38 antibody interference in serological assays by masking CD38 on the cell surface. Its performance is extensively examined with commercial sera as well as with patient samples, and compared to the current standard method using dithiothreitol (DTT), which denatures the CD38 antigens on test panel erythrocytes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In the Bio\u2010Rad ID System, DaraEx\n plus<\/jats:italic>\n effectively mitigated the interference caused by anti\u2010CD38 antibodies in 86% of patient samples tested while DTT was successful in only 68%. Moreover, there was no negative influence on DTT\u2010sensitive blood group systems such as KEL upon DaraEx\n plus<\/jats:italic>\n treatment. The agglutination reactions of all tested anti\u2010CD38 antibodies (Daratumumab, Felzartamab, and Isatuximab) were inhibited by DaraEx\n plus<\/jats:italic>\n . The treatment was successful only if DaraEx\n plus<\/jats:italic>\n was added to the test cells before the sample. Some of the other gel card systems tested showed background reactions with DaraEx\n plus<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010treated cells.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n DaraEx\n plus<\/jats:italic>\n treatment is straightforward and quick to perform. In the Bio\u2010Rad ID System, it is superior to DTT treatment in the prevention of anti\u2010CD38 antibody interference.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T00:29:57Z","timestamp":1674865797000},"page":"808-816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mitigation of therapeutic\n anti\u2010CD38<\/scp>\n antibody interference with fab fragments: How well does it perform?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Cora P.","family":"Habicht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imusyn GmbH & Co. KG Hanover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ridders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imusyn GmbH & Co. KG Hanover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Grueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imusyn GmbH & Co. KG Hanover Germany"},{"name":"Hannover Medical School Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering Hanover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Adolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imusyn GmbH & Co. KG Hanover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3722-5791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Immenschuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering Hanover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6235-1875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clemens","family":"Schneeweiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imusyn GmbH & Co. KG Hanover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency [Online]. Available:https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/medicines\/human\/EPAR\/darzalex"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Morphosys AG [Online]. Available:https:\/\/www.morphosys.com\/en\/our-pipeline\/felzartamab."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028631"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11102810"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"MorphoSys AG Clinical Trial to Assess Efficacy and Safety of the Human Anti\u2010CD38 Antibody Felzartamab (MOR202) in IgA Nephropathy (IGNAZ) Clinical Trial NCT05065970."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells901007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02616"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13150"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1521-8045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"AABB Association Bulletin #16\u201302: Mitigating the Anti\u2010CD38 Interference with Serologic Testing 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Transfusionsmedizin und Immunh\u00e4matologie (DGTI) Empfehlung zum Vorgehen bei serologischen St\u00f6rungen durch den therapeutischen monoklonalen Antik\u00f6rper Daratumumab (Darzalex\u00ae) 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Transfusionsmedizin und Immunh\u00e4matologie (DGTI) Empfehlung zum Vorgehen bei St\u00f6rungen der serologischen Diagnostik durch Daratumumab und andere therapeutische monoklonale Antik\u00f6rper gegen CD38 Version 2 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000495773"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1804751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021011396"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"\u00d6sterreichische Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Blutgruppenserologie Transfusionsmedizin Regenerative Medizin und Immungenetik (\u00d6GBT) Empfehlungen f\u00fcr das pr\u00e4transfusionelle Vorgehen bei PatientInnen mit Anti\u2010CD38\u2212\/ Daratumumab\u2010Therapie Version 3 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","volume-title":"Judd's methods in Immmunohematology","author":"Judd WJ","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","volume-title":"Assessment report Darzalex","author":"European Medicines Agency","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency Sarclisa: EPAR \u2010 product information Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2450\/2020.0004-20"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","first-page":"343","article-title":"Auswahl statistischer Testverfahren","volume":"107","author":"Prel J","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8121522"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1983.00561.x-i1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","unstructured":"DG Gel Coombs Instructions for use Version DGGelCoombs\u20102.0\u2010IFU\u2010de December 2021 Diagnostic Grifols S.A. 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