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However, since platelets express ABO antigens and are collected in plasma which may contain ABO isohemagglutinins, it remains controversial as to whether ABO non\u2010identical platelet transfusions could potentially pose harm and\/or have reduced efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The large 4\u2010year publicly available Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study\u2010III (REDS\u2010III) database was used to investigate patient outcomes associated with ABO non\u2010identical platelet transfusions. Outcomes included mortality, sepsis, and subsequent platelet transfusion requirements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following adjustment for possible confounding factors, no statistically significant association between ABO non\u2010identical platelet transfusion and increased risk of mortality was observed in the overall cohort of 21,176 recipients. However, when analyzed by diagnostic category and recipient ABO group, associations with increased mortality for major mismatched transfusions were noted in two of eight subpopulations. Hematology\/Oncology blood group A and B recipients (but not group O) showed a Hazard Ratio (HR) of 1.29 (95%CI: 1.03\u20131.62) and intracerebral hemorrhage group O recipients (but not groups A and B) showed a HR of 1.75 (95%CI: 1.10\u20132.80). Major mismatched transfusions were associated with increased odds of receiving additional platelet transfusion each post\u2010transfusion day (through day 5) regardless of the recipient blood group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We suggest that prospective studies are needed to determine if specific patient populations would benefit from receiving ABO identical platelet units. Our findings indicate that ABO\u2010identical platelet products minimize patient exposure to additional platelet doses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T15:26:11Z","timestamp":1680189971000},"page":"960-972","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Associations between <scp>ABO<\/scp> non\u2010identical platelet transfusions and patient <scp>outcomes\u2014A<\/scp> multicenter retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9777-8956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel W.","family":"Bougie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Research Institute Versiti Milwaukee WI  Milwaukee Wisconsin 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