{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T12:14:36Z","timestamp":1792412076353,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Meta\u2010analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating thresholds for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion typically focus on mortality; however, other outcomes are highly relevant. The aim of this study is to summarize the effects of different transfusion thresholds on the outcomes of quality of life (QoL) and function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>We extracted data from RCTs identified in a recently published Cochrane systematic review. Primary analysis was descriptive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 23 RCTs with 13,743 adult participants were included. Fifteen RCTs included patients in the postoperative period, of which 9 RCTs were conducted in hip (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093024) and 6 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098672) in cardiac surgeries; 5 RCTs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009489) were in patients with hematological malignancies; 2 in the setting of bleeding (gastrointestinal bleed [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009936] and postpartum [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009521]); and one RCT (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009936) included critically ill patients. QoL and function were reported using a variety of questionnaires and tools. The timing of assessments varied between trials. No clear clinical differences in QoL outcomes were identified in comparisons between restrictive and liberal transfusion thresholds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is no evidence that a liberal transfusion strategy improves QoL and functional outcomes. However, the substantial limitations of many included studies indicate the need for further well\u2010designed and adequately powered trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T05:24:06Z","timestamp":1695101046000},"page":"2032-2039","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["An analysis of quality of life and functional outcomes as reported in randomized trials for red cell transfusions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5183-6471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica B.","family":"Pagano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane 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