{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T22:15:32Z","timestamp":1788992132211,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unreported HIV antiretroviral (ARV) drug usage by blood donors compromises the ability to detect evidence of HIV infection in blood screening tests and represents a risk for blood transfusion safety. Our objective was to determine the frequency of undeclared ARV drug use by blood donors with altered HIV markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective cross\u2010sectional analysis of donations that were tested for HIV antibody (ab), antigen (ag), and RNA by chemiluminescent immunoassay and nucleic acid screening tests. Positive samples were retested and were subjected to ARV drug testing by high\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 345,252 blood donations, 361 (0.1%) were positive on initial testing. Samples from 296 (81.9%) of these donations were available for further analysis. The presence of HIV ab\/ag and\/or RNA was confirmed in 83 (28.0%) of these samples. All 296 bloods were subjected to ARV testing. The ARV drug lamivudine, at 11.3 and 6.7\u2009ng\/mL, was detected in 2 of 83 (2.4%) donations that were HIV positive. Other drugs were not detected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unreported ARV usage was identified in two candidates for blood donation. More intensive efforts to educate donors about disclosure and to investigate the extent of this phenomenon in Brazil are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T12:49:12Z","timestamp":1694609352000},"page":"2106-2113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Detection of unreported usage of the antiretroviral drug lamivudine in two blood donors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0623-1999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Nishiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Pr\u00f3\u2010Sangue Hemocentro de S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and targeted therapy in Oncoimmunohematology (LIM\u201031), Department of Hematology, Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas 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