{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T04:07:15Z","timestamp":1778299635927,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MD018410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MD018410"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T35DK093430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T35DK093430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric patients from minoritized racial and ethnic groups receive red blood cell (RBC) transfusions more frequently while undergoing major surgical procedures. Our objective was to identify the contribution of preoperative anemia to racial and ethnic differences in RBC transfusion rates in adolescent spine surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database, 2016 to 2021 for patients in the United States and Canada.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents identifying as non\u2010Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and other race\/ethnicity presented with higher rates of preoperative anemia than non\u2010Hispanic White adolescents (16.3%, 10.6%, and 9.9%, vs. 7.8%, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) and were transfused at higher rates (14.4%, 11.9%, 16.5%, vs. 10.0%, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). Minoritized groups demonstrated higher adjusted odds of RBC transfusion compared with non\u2010Hispanic Whites (non\u2010Hispanic Black: aOR 1.45 95% CI 1.26\u20131.65, Hispanic: aOR 1.17 95% CI 0.96\u20131.41, other race\/ethnicity: aOR 1.63 95% CI 1.26\u20132.09). Of the total effect of minoritized race and\/or ethnicity on RBC transfusion, 13.9% was attributed to the indirect effect through preoperative anemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort study, patients from minoritized racial and ethnic groups received RBC transfusions at a higher rate than non\u2010Hispanic White patients, and the difference was partially mediated by preoperative anemia. Future efforts to minimize transfusions and improve health equity should target this modifiable risk factor alongside other sources of disparity and discrimination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]],"date-time":"2024-09-21T04:40:20Z","timestamp":1726893620000},"page":"2124-2132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Racial and ethnic differences in transfusion rates in adolescent scoliosis surgery: Preoperative anemia as a mediator of disparity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6771-6113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Fisher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanford","family":"Chihuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Guglielminotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9726-2354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Eisler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.2989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-020-00792-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"666","article-title":"Unequal treatment: confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care","volume":"94","author":"Nelson A","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-4113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.2663"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2020.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"2022 National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report [Internet].Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US);2022Oct. 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