{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:10:38Z","timestamp":1790878238665,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transfusion\u2010transmitted malaria (TTM) is rare in non\u2010endemic areas (non\u2010EAs) but can potentially be fatal. This review analyzes the laboratory results of donors causing TTM in non\u2010EAs, to assess the detectability of their <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> infection by molecular or antibody tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>TTM cases in the United States, Canada, and Europe since 2010 were identified through a literature review. Authors and laboratories were contacted for missing details about sample types and laboratory methods. Results of <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody tests were summarized.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve cases of TTM and one bone marrow transplant transmission were identified. Of the 13 source donors, 12 were tested by PCR, 10 were positive on at least one sample; the 2 negative donors were tested only on retained segments of blood refrigerated for several weeks. All donors were PCR positive on a fresh sample except one who was positive on a retained but not a fresh sample. These PCRs targeted <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> DNA with sensitivities in the range of 1000\u201310,000 parasites\/mL. Antibody EIA was positive in only three of seven donors tested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review found that antibody EIAs failed to detect four of the seven TTM donors tested. DNA\u2010based PCRs were able to detect <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> infection in all donors tested except for two tested only on samples likely to have deteriorated from prolonged storage. Recently developed ribosomal RNA\u2010based molecular donor screening assays are approximately 1000 fold more sensitive than these DNA\u2010based PCRs, holding promise as a potential method to further reduce TTM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T14:39:48Z","timestamp":1730903988000},"page":"2325-2331","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Laboratory detection of donors implicated in transfusion\u2010transmitted malaria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9791-6379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan A.","family":"Galel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs \u2013 Donor Screening, Roche Diagnostics Solutions  Pleasanton California USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000525414"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration.Recommendations to reduce the risk of transfusion\u2010transmitted malaria Guidance for Industry [Internet].2022[cited 2024 Apr 30]. 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