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Several risk factors for VVRs have been identified, but the consistency, magnitude, and validity of their associations have not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, this systematic review and meta\u2010analysis synthesized evidence for VVR risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Database searches identified English\u2010language studies published before February 2024 describing VVR risk factors in voluntary whole blood donors. Study characteristics, VVR and risk factor assessment methods, and effect sizes were extracted. Random\u2010effects models pooled estimates across all studies and subgroups of geographical context, study quality, donation experience, and outcome severity. Inconsistently and infrequently reported risk factors were narratively synthesized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Totally 71 studies reporting a total of 19 million total donations were included. Female sex, new donor status, younger age, smaller blood volume, and lower blood pressure were positively associated with higher VVR risk. Donation\u2010related fear, anxiety, and disgust were associated with higher VVR risk in narrative syntheses. Substantial between\u2010study heterogeneity (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u200990%) was observed for the majority of risk factors, while there was no clear evidence of subgroup variability and small study effects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis provides a comprehensive synthesis of risk factors for VVRs across wide\u2010ranging blood service contexts and symptom severities, reinforcing evidence for previously identified factors. The heterogeneous associations of several risk factors motivate large\u2010scale studies that enable comprehensive multivariable adjustment to evidence donor selection criteria and preventative intervention allocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T03:45:47Z","timestamp":1732592747000},"page":"211-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Risk factors for vasovagal reactions in blood donors: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7698-4675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaning","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge  Cambridge 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