{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:46:24Z","timestamp":1788345984037,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HL165306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HL165306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prior studies have evaluated transfusion recipient variables impacting red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization, but few focused on potentially modifiable blood donor or blood component variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study (REDS)\u2010III, which links donor, component, and patient data in an integrated database, were accessed. For any given RBC unit with sufficient blood donor and component data, we determined if the transfusion recipient experienced a new RBC alloimmunization event (\u201ccase\u201d) within 16\u2009weeks of the transfusion or not (\u201ccontrol\u201d). Recipient diagnoses were included in the case\u2013control matching algorithm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 2676 cases were matched with 10,160 controls. In a multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, recipients who received an RBC unit from donors with a different ABO group had a higher risk of alloimmunization (OR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.35\u20131.89, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Likewise, recipients who received RBCs from older donors had a higher risk of RBC alloimmunization (OR 1.01 per year of age, 95% CI: 1.00\u20131.01, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Irradiated RBCs were associated with a decreased risk of RBC alloimmunization in transfusion recipients (OR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.46\u20130.59, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), though a sub\u2010analysis of RBCs transfused to people with sickle cell disease showed no such association (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.75). Recipients who received RBCs stored for a longer duration also had a lower risk (OR 0.99 per day of storage, 95% CI: 0.99\u20130.99, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) of alloimmunization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case\u2013control study identified donor and component variables associated with recipient RBC alloantibody formation. Future mechanistic studies exploring these associations are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T04:07:06Z","timestamp":1737086826000},"page":"588-603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Associations between blood donors, component modifications, and the alloimmunization of transfusion recipients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Han","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Karafin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine University of North Carolina School of Medicine  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1785-2245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher Anthony","family":"Tormey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruchika","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Division of Transfusion Medicine The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Impact Life Blood Center  Springfield Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9008-9154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan Ross","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Red Cross Scientific Affairs  Dedham Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7928-3132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanne E.","family":"Hendrickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7361-7162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald George","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare  West Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-042320-110411"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2016.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12250"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Analysis of immune response to red blood cell antigens in multitransfused patients with different diseases","volume":"22","author":"Seyfried H","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mater Med Pol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.224709"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02481.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17251"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjhh.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12156"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjhh.2015.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmx018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute.Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study III (REDS III) vein to vein databases [monograph on the internet]. 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