{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:06:13Z","timestamp":1789657573742,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Disruptions in supply chains during crises and wars necessitate innovative solutions for blood collection. This study evaluates the feasibility and safety of using a 3D\u2010printed bottle cap (BC\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n L) with a standard 500\u2009mL drinking bottle for whole blood collection as an alternative to traditional systems.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design and Method<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted a feasibility study with 20 healthy adult volunteers. Participants were randomized to donate blood into either the BC\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n L\u2010drinking bottle setup (Test) or a conventional single blood collection bag (control). Blood samples were analyzed for hemolysis, bacterial contamination, and mechanical integrity immediately post\u2010donation, and at 24 and 72\u2009h. Donation time and donor safety were also assessed. Bacterial growth testing and hematological analyses followed sterile procedures to measure hematological quality.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Blood collection was completed within a mean time of 7\u2009min across both groups. Hemolysis levels remained below clinically significant thresholds in both setups, and no bacterial contamination was observed. While the BC\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n L system demonstrated effective blood collection, minor leakage was noted in some bottles during transportation, attributed to the limitations of the 3D\u2010printing process.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n The BC\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n L system represents a feasible, low\u2010cost alternative for whole blood collection in resource\u2010limited or crisis settings. It demonstrated comparable safety and mechanical integrity to standard systems. However, manufacturing refinements are needed to address leakage during transport. This study supports the potential of the BC\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n L as a valuable tool for enhancing medical preparedness in austere environments.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T01:00:59Z","timestamp":1742778059000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Drawing and storing whole blood using a\n 3D<\/scp>\n printed bottle cap and a disinfected 500\u2009\n mL<\/scp>\n drinking bottle\u2014A proof\u2010of\u2010concept study: Part 2"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8107-5777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Rognhaug","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Special Operations Command Norwegian Armed Forces Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4750-0681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanne","family":"Braathen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5kon Skogrand","family":"Eliassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Naval Special Operations Command Norwegian Armed Forces Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-20820-2"},{"issue":"320","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"273","article-title":"Case of uterine hemorrhage, in which the operation of transfusion was successfully performed","volume":"54","author":"Waller C","year":"1825","journal-title":"Lond Med Phys J"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2021.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2003.00576.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.2991.477"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.1984.tb01603.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4045\/tidsskr.22.0479"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000000707"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2006.00818.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17848"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270004273680"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1950.82910520002008a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/ject\/1971031008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15748"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.1961.tb00059.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/tmrv.2002.29404"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","unstructured":"CDC.Chemical disinfectants. Infection control. August 20 2024 [cited 2024 Dec 20]. Available from:https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/infection\u2010control\/hcp\/disinfection\u2010sterilization\/chemical\u2010disinfectants.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","volume-title":"How a 3D printer works and what it is used for","author":"Ashtari H","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.18200","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/trf.18200","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.18200","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:23:05Z","timestamp":1789654985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.18200"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.18200"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.18200","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}