{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T00:14:31Z","timestamp":1780791271520,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over time, changes to the deferral policy for males who had sex with other males (MSM) allowed those reporting past MSM to donate if other eligibility criteria were met. We assessed the return rate after the removal of the MSM deferral and transfusion\u2010transmissible infectious disease (TTID) rates in MSM compared to first\u2010time male donors and donors overall.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Males presenting to donate at the American Red Cross and self\u2010reported MSM between December 13, 2016 and December 31, 2024 were assessed. TTID rates were determined by evaluating all donors with donation results collected during defined deferral periods. Queries tracked subsequent donations\/deferrals post\u2010MSM deferral.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately, 9.1 million American Red Cross donors were screened for TTIDs; 0.04% self\u2010identified as MSM. The overall rate of allogeneic donors who screened repeat reactive for markers for hepatits B virus (HBV), hepatits C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T\u2010lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV\u20101\/2), and\/or syphilis was 5.6%, 1.9%, and 1.8% among MSM, all donors, and first\u2010time males, respectively. The most frequent marker detected among MSM donors was anti\u2010<jats:italic>Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic>, fo llowed by anti\u2010HBc. There were no HBV, HCV, or HIV nucleic acid testing (NAT)\u2010yield cases detected among MSM donors. Overall, only 10% of MSM donors attempted to donate after expiration\/removal of their deferral.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The low yield in MSM returns could be attributed to donors not being directly notified of their eligibility, knowledge of on\u2010going deferrable risks, or other factors. Donors with a history of MSM were more likely to screen reactive for TTID marker(s), although not NAT\u2010yield infections indicating absence of recent risk when compared to the overall donor population and first\u2010time males.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T09:43:37Z","timestamp":1749635017000},"page":"1472-1483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reinstatement and infectious disease rates among blood donors previously deferred under men who have sex with men time\u2010based deferral"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9334-3158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamel","family":"Groves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artan","family":"Apostoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donor and Client Support Center American Red Cross  Charlotte North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger Y.","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan L.","family":"Stramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Consultant  North Potomac Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Association for the Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies.Donor safety screening and testing[cited 2025 May 15]. Available from: https:\/\/www.aabb.org\/regulatory\u2010and\u2010advocacy\/regulatory\u2010affairs\/regulatory\u2010for\u2010blood\/donor\u2010safety\u2010screening\u2010and\u2010testing#:~:text=Key%20elements%20of%20the%20blood 4)%20donor%20testing%20for%20transfusion%2D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15265160903506392"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15265160903487619"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b311"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"Revised recommendations for reducing the risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission by blood and blood products. Guidance for industry. December.2015[cited 2025 May 15]. 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