{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:19:51Z","timestamp":1788347991438,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000038","name":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Transfusion\u2010Transmissible Infections Monitoring System assesses trends in ~60% of the US blood supply. Donors with high\u2010risk behaviors, including injection drug users, men having sex with other men, or those exchanging sex for money\/drugs, were deferred for 12\u2009months (12\u2009M) from 2016 to 2020 and 3\u2009months (3M) from 2020 to 2023. Here we evaluate HIV, HBV, and HCV donation prevalence annually from 2015 to 2023 and in two comparison periods of pre\u20103M (2015\u20132020) and 3M (2020\u20132023) to identify differences between the two periods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Annual prevalence was assessed for 8 TTIMS years (2015\u20132023) and compared between the pre\u20103M and 3M periods. HIV, HBV, and HCV prevalence\/100,000 donations (phtd) was calculated based on serology and nucleic acid testing results. Negative binomial regression assessed prevalence using 1\u2010year intervals. Fisher's exact test evaluated prevalence changes between the two periods (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Annual HIV and HBV prevalence remained stable, changing slightly from year 1 to 8 (2.5\u20132.1 phtd for HIV and 6.3\u20136.6 phtd for HBV). HCV prevalence declined (19.7\u20139.6 phtd;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.01). HIV (2.5\u20132.0 phtd) and HCV (18.4\u20139.8 phtd) prevalence decreased from pre\u20103M to 3M (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.01), while HBV prevalence remained stable (6.5\u20136.2 phtd;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.06).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite reducing donor deferral periods for many infectious risk behaviors, HIV and HBV prevalence were stable, while HCV prevalence declined over 8\u2009years. Either slight or significant declines occurred from the pre\u20103M to 3M period for all agents. Thus, changes in policy did not adversely impact the current safety of the blood supply with respect to the major infectious disease agents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T23:34:59Z","timestamp":1759793699000},"page":"2128-2143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prevalence of\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    ,\n                    <scp>HBV<\/scp>\n                    , and\n                    <scp>HCV<\/scp>\n                    in United States blood donations, 2015\u20132023: The transfusion\u2010transmissible infections monitoring system (\n                    <scp>TTIMS<\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9106-1858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilya","family":"Huseynova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusion Safety and Surveillance American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusion Safety and Surveillance American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward P.","family":"Notari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusion Safety and Surveillance American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6251-366X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Custer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Vitalant Research Institute  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Reik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific, Medical, and Technical Division OneBlood  St. Petersburg Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3630-372X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jed","family":"Gorlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physician Services New York Blood Center Enterprises  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Belov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9208-347X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger Y.","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusion Safety and Surveillance American Red Cross  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5865-6366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan L.","family":"Stramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health Infectious Disease Consultant  North Potomac Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"1164","article-title":"Changes in transfusion\u2010transmissible infection prevalence and demographics among US blood donors from 2015\u20102019","volume":"60","author":"Steele W","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. Revised recommendations for reducing the risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus transmission by blood and blood products: Guidance for industry. April 2 2020. 85 Fed. Reg. 36595 (June 17 2020). Available via Federal Register."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13632"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Revised Recommendations for Reducing the Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission by Blood and Blood Products\u2010Guidance for Industry","author":"US Food and Drug Administration","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Revised Recommendations for Reducing the Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission by Blood and Blood Products\u2014Guidance for Industry. US Food and Drug Administration Website.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory\u2010information\/search\u2010fda\u2010guidance\u2010documents\/revised\u2010recommendations\u2010reducing\u2010risk\u2010human\u2010immunodeficiency\u2010virus\u2010transmission\u2010blood\u2010and\u2010bloodAccessed Mar 17 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Recommendations for Evaluating Donor Eligibility Using Individual Risk\u2010Based Questions to Reduce the Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission by Blood and Blood Products\u2014Guidance for Industry. US Food and Drug Administration Website.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory\u2010information\/search\u2010fda\u2010guidance\u2010documents\/recommendations\u2010evaluating\u2010donor\u2010eligibility\u2010using\u2010individual\u2010risk\u2010based\u2010questions\u2010reduce\u2010risk\u2010humanAccessed Mar 17 2025.Published May 2023. Last updated Jan 31 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17707"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).Census Regions and Divisions of the United States. Accessed February 4 2025https:\/\/www2.census.gov\/geo\/pdfs\/maps-data\/maps\/reference\/us_regdiv.pdf"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"1283","article-title":"Changes in transfusion\u2010transmissible infection prevalence and demographics among US blood donors during the COVID\u201019 pandemic","volume":"63","author":"Conti G","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2022.100531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000313949"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"Canadian Blood Services.Blood Plasma Stem Cells Organs and Tissues\/About Us\/Media\/Newsroom. Accessed Feb 4 20252024https:\/\/www.blood.ca\/en\/about\u2010us\/media\/newsroom\/rapid\u2010growth\u2010demand\u2010blood\u2010products\u2010could\u2010cause\u2010national\u2010supply\u2010dwindle#:~:text=The%20population%20is%20both%20growing only%201%20in%2081%20did."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","volume-title":"Transfusion\u2010transmissible infections in Australia: 2024 Surveillance Report","author":"Khawar L","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16250"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/tjh.galenos.2019.2019.0166"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02659-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix202"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"Rural Health Information Hub.Rural health disparities. Last Updated 11 Nov 2022https:\/\/www.ruralhealthinfo.org\/topics\/rural-health-disparities. Accessed March 5 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"WhitmanA De LewN ChappelA AysolaV ZuckermanR andSommersBD.Addressing social determinants of health: Examples of successful evidence\u2010based strategies and current federal efforts. Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. April 1 2022 Accessed March 5 2025.https:\/\/aspe.hhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/e2b650cd64cf84aae8ff0fae7474af82\/SDOH\u2010Evidence\u2010Review.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05464-y"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.18424","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T05:58:49Z","timestamp":1763186329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.18424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.18424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.18424","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}