{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:08:39Z","timestamp":1790878119660,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The incidence of transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis (TTB) has declined substantially in recent years following the introduction of geographically selective nucleic acid testing (NAT) by blood collectors. This approach has proven quite effective in interdicting parasite\u2010infected units from US regions where\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      is endemic and is complemented by donor screening questions about prior diagnosis (used in lieu of NAT in non\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010endemic states). Despite these successes, however, breakthrough cases continue to occur due to limitations in the current geographically targeted testing strategy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Report<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Herein, we report a Minnesota donor reinstated almost 3.5\u2009years after a\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      NAT\u2010positive donation whose first post\u2010reinstatement donation tested NAT\u2010negative. Three months later, a subsequent donation tested NAT\u2010positive for\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Notification of the hospital that transfused the NAT\u2010negative red blood cell unit revealed a likely\n                      <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic>\n                      transmission.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This reverse\u2010notification TTB case was unlikely to have been the result of either a product from an asymptomatic untested donor from a non\u2010endemic state infected during travel to an endemic area or a tick\u2010borne infection of the transfusion recipient. More likely, TTB resulted from transfusion of a NAT\u2010negative unit donated 3\u2009months prior to the involved donor's subsequent NAT\u2010positive collection. To our knowledge, this is the first reported potential\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      NAT failure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T05:10:32Z","timestamp":1758863432000},"page":"2199-2202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Possible\n                    <scp>NAT<\/scp>\n                    \u2010negative transfusion\u2010transmitted\n                    <i>Babesia microti<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Courtney","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Corporate Medical Affairs Vitalant, Medical Affairs  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Gresens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Division Medical Affairs Vitalant, West Division  Sacramento California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Bakhtary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine UCSF  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8754-047X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralph","family":"Vassallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corporate Medical Affairs Vitalant, Medical Affairs  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01268-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) USFDAF.Recommendations for reducing the risk of transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis; guidance for industry.2019.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/114847\/download. Accessed 24 Jul 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad536"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"CDC National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS).Babesiosis 2025 case definition.https:\/\/www.ndc.services.cdc.gov\/case-definitions\/babesiosis\/. Accessed 24 Jul 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) USFDAF.Biological product and HCT\/P deviation reports: annual summary for fiscal year 2023.2024.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/178568\/download. Accessed 24 Jul 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12622"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1600897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807163390304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2710.211240"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) USFDAF.Summary basis of regulatory action (SBRA) for Procleix Babesia assay.2019.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/119927\/download. Accessed 24 Jul 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-015-0025-z"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.18431","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T05:57:59Z","timestamp":1763186279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.18431"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.18431"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.18431","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}