{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T06:07:07Z","timestamp":1779170827680,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016747","name":"Mercer University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H24\u201005033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H24\u201005033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whole blood (WB) is stored between 1 and 6\u00b0C to minimize bacterial proliferation. Recent studies suggest that storing WB at room temperature (RT) for short periods may also be bacteriologically safe. Storing WB at or above RT could have significant implications for prehospital and military transfusion practices and prevent its waste. This study determined if FWB stored above room temperature led to positive bacteria cultures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fresh WB (FWB) was collected from five healthy, military\u2010aged male volunteer donors in CPDA\u20101 bags. The units were sampled for bacteria culture at the time of donation and again after approximately 23\u2009h of storage under experimental conditions. After collection, the FWB units were labeled and placed into \u201cGolden Hour\u201d containers without the cooling material; the units were then placed into different environments designed to simulate military field conditions where WB might be collected including on the ground in direct sunlight, in the covered cargo bed of a vehicle in direct sunlight, in a non\u2010climate\u2010controlled storage facility, in an open field, and under vegetation. Automated thermometers and hygrometers were included in each container.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median temperatures for all five stored units ranged from 28.3 to 30.1\u00b0C. The relative humidity range was 41.7%\u201385.9%. All of the pre\u2010 and post\u2010storage cultures were sterile.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results support the potential microbiological safety of short\u2010term, above RT storage of FWB. If confirmed, the ability to store FWB above RT for an extended period of time could positively impact blood unit management on the battlefield.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T11:56:51Z","timestamp":1767095811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sterility of fresh whole blood units stored for an extended period of time above room temperature"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Grant","family":"Stapleton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercer University School of Medicine  Columbus Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9228-2890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles H.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercer University School of Medicine  Columbus Georgia USA"},{"name":"Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center  Fort Bragg North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"75th Ranger Regiment  Fort Benning Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6740-2758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark H.","family":"Yazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3180324124"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Code of Federal Regulations.21 C.F.R. \u00a7 640.4(h); 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Joint Trauma System.Whole blood transfusion (CPG ID: 21). U.S. Department of Defense. 2018. [cited 2025 June 12]. Available from:https:\/\/jts.health.mil\/assets\/docs\/cpgs\/Whole_Blood_Transfusion_15_May_2018_ID21.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55460\/ZZIA-20PE"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Lessons learned by the 75th ranger regiment during twenty years of tactical combat casualty care","volume":"2024","author":"Knight RM","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mil Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267980"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2007.01429.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18133"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55460\/7TZF-0HBX"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.18466","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/trf.18466","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.18466","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T05:21:47Z","timestamp":1779168107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.18466"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.18466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.18466","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}