{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T06:07:02Z","timestamp":1779170822543,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tactical Emergency Medical Services (TEMS) encompasses the skillset of prehospital care that is required to support all phases of operations performed by tactical law\u2010enforcement personnel. High\u2010risk operations can result in critical injuries to those involved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Object of the Review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although TEMS clinicians have been taught to address critical hemorrhage, airway, and breathing issues, there is a benefit in incorporating the use of prehospital blood to reverse hemorrhagic shock. Given the unique environment in which TEMS clinicians operate, this does require forethought, planning, and modification of civilian prehospital blood protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This narrative review discusses the unique considerations for this area of prehospital care and reviews current examples of successful blood incorporation from four separate law\u2010enforcement agencies, identifying variations that agencies can adopt to successfully incorporate prehospital blood into TEMS operations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We demonstrate that civilian prehospital blood protocols can be modified to allow incorporation into TEMS operations. Future research should review outcomes when blood is administered within the TEMS environment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.18467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T16:02:13Z","timestamp":1767888133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tactical transfusion\u2014Importance and logistics of integrating prehospital blood in tactical\n                    <scp>EMS<\/scp>\n                    operations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9633-9206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zaffer","family":"Qasim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Schaefer Consulting  New Braunfels Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Tilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tactical Paramedic, Indianapolis Emergency Medical Services  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tactical Paramedic Texas Department of Public Safety Ranger Special Operations Group  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Patrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TEMS Consultant, Washington State Police SWAT  Olympia WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0733-8627(02)00036-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000000451"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1802361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3182755dcc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.15097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802345"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"S36","article-title":"Implementation of a low titer group O whole blood program for a law enforcement tactical team","volume":"60","author":"Fisher AD","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"KoslofE.How Police in Fairfax County Can Now Do Blood Transfusions in the Field.WUSA9 News. 2022 Dec 27 [cited 2024 Apr 21]. Available from:https:\/\/www.wusa9.com\/article\/news\/police\/i\u2010think\u2010this\u2010is\u2010a\u2010game\u2010changer\u2010how\u2010police\u2010infairfax\u2010county\u2010can\u2010now\u2010do\u2010blood\u2010transfusions\u2010in\u2010the\u2010field\u2010ems\u2010fire\u2010mass\u2010shootingsbarricades\u2010crime\/65\u201051b6043a\u201052ac\u201045b9\u2010b55c\u2010f882e07f4cc9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"FrandsenJ.Email to: Joshua Frandsen (Medical Special Operations Unit San Antonio Fire Department San Antonio TX). 2024 Apr 21."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"TilsonB.Email to: Bruce Tilson (Paramedic Indianapolis EMS Indianapolis IN). 2024 Apr 11."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.12"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"S69","article-title":"Warm fresh whole, blood is independently associated with improved survival for patients with combat\u2010related traumatic 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