{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T04:11:27Z","timestamp":1778904687919,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinically significant antibody anti\u2010A,B together with anti\u2010A and anti\u2010B has been known for many decades to be present in blood group O plasma. As anti\u2010A,B is only reactive when an A or B antigen is present, its contribution to titer cannot be easily distinguished from anti\u2010A and\/or anti\u2010B.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chemically synthesized AB epitope (ABep) was attached onto red cells creating ABep\u2010kodecytes; methodology was optimized and then used together with group A\u2010 and B\u2010kodecytes to semi\u2010quantitative undiluted plasma samples of all ABO blood groups for anti\u2010A, anti\u2010B, and anti\u2010A,B. Standard titers with plasma dilutions against natural A\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      and B cells were performed in parallel.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ABep20\u2010kodecytes were able to semi\u2010quantitate anti\u2010A,B independently of anti\u2010A and anti\u2010B. Anti\u2010A and anti\u2010B levels were also able to be inferred by deduction of the anti\u2010A,B contribution. There was a large range in the levels of anti\u2010A,B in the group O samples, including in those determined to have high\u2010titer ABO antibodies. Unexpectedly, some group A, B, and AB individuals were also found to have an anti\u2010A,B\u2010like antibody.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anti\u2010A,B is a much more complex antibody than current understanding, and shows a range of activity over a large continuum, which includes in vitro detectable anti\u2010A,B\u2010like antibodies in non\u2010group O samples. The ability to measure anti\u2010A,B independently of anti\u2010A and anti\u2010B levels may be useful in evaluating clinical associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.70175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T05:59:47Z","timestamp":1773381587000},"page":"965-975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Revealing and quantifying polyclonal anti\u2010A, B specificity in\n                    <scp>ABO<\/scp>\n                    histo\u2010blood groups"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Stephen","family":"Henry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies Auckland University of Technology  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1371-7745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holly","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9829-673X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Polina","family":"Obukhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shemyakin\u2010Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences  Moscow Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Tyrtysh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shemyakin\u2010Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences  Moscow Russian 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