{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:35:32Z","timestamp":1789864532460,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000014","name":"Canadian Blood Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000014","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a parasite transmitted by the\n                      <jats:italic>Ixodes<\/jats:italic>\n                      tick and has the potential to be transfusion transmitted. Climate change and changing\n                      <jats:italic>Ixodes<\/jats:italic>\n                      tick distributions in Canada raised questions about the impact of\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      on the blood supply. Following a risk\u2010based decision making (RBDM) process, Canadian Blood Services initiated a multi\u2010year\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      nucleic acid test (NAT) surveillance program in 2024. The first year of the project focused on a region (Manitoba, Canada) previously determined by the RBDM analysis to be of highest risk for\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      NAT\u2010positive donations. The aim of this study is to provide an update on this multi\u2010year surveillance project that will shape our understanding of\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      epidemiology in multiple Canadian provinces.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From July 11, 2024 to November 9, 2024, samples were collected in Roche Whole Blood Collection tubes at all whole blood donation sites in Manitoba. Specimens underwent one\u2010time individual testing on the cobas\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      NAT on the Roche cobas 6800 platform (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany). Clinical cases of babesiosis were reviewed for the period 2013\u20132025.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 13,608 (98%) whole blood donations tested by\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      NAT, none were positive. Clinical case rates of babesiosis in Manitoba ranged from 0 to 0.13 per 100,000 population annually.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Changing climate and\n                      <jats:italic>Ixodes<\/jats:italic>\n                      tick distributions have led to concerns that the epidemiology of\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in Canadian blood donors is increasing.\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      NAT on specimens from an elevated\u2010risk area for\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in Canada did not identify\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010positive blood donors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.70179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T04:24:39Z","timestamp":1774326279000},"page":"916-922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Using blood donor surveillance and clinical case data to shape our understanding of\n                    <i>Babesia<\/i>\n                    epidemiology in Manitoba, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2519-1109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven J.","family":"Drews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology Canadian Blood Services  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Surveillance and Discovery Laboratory Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa ON Canada"},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9129-5136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen L.","family":"Charlton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology Canadian Blood Services  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Surveillance and Discovery Laboratory Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa ON Canada"},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0705-4987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Ramirez\u2010Arcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance and Discovery Laboratory Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance and Discovery Laboratory Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Conrod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance and Discovery Laboratory Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation &amp; Portfolio Management Canadian Blood Services  Saint John New Brunswick Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8181-9517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan M.","family":"Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Van Caeseele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cadham Provincial Public Health Laboratory  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cadham Provincial Public Health Laboratory  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology &amp; Infectious Diseases University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori","family":"Osmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Surveillance, Donation Policy and Studies Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9904-9952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mindy","family":"Goldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donation Policy and Studies Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5332-2789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheila F.","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Surveillance, Donation Policy and Studies Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantale","family":"Pambrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation &amp; 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