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This study quantifies the incidence, severity, and heterogeneity of platelet dysfunction in Level I trauma patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A whole blood assay mimicking arterial hemorrhage fluidic conditions was used to measure platelet\u2010rich clot formation in Level I trauma patients. Blood samples from patients were collected at arrival and tested for defects in platelet clotting immediately and after 12, 24, and 48\u2009h. Additional clinical parameters such as injury severity, complete blood counts, and blood product use were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The high shear assays were completed in under 5\u2009min using 3\u2009mL of blood. All trauma patients exhibited severe defects in platelet clotting at various time points compared to control blood from healthy donors (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Platelet function varied over time, with some patients exhibiting initial hyper\u2010clotting followed by dysfunction at 24\u2009h, while others showed persistent impairment for the entire 48\u2009h.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rapid assay was able to distinguish heterogeneous platelet dysfunction in Level I trauma patients. The assay enabled real\u2010time tracking of a patient's platelet clotting function and response to interventions. By identifying patients with impaired hemostatic function, this assay could potentially inform targeted resuscitation strategies to improve trauma care outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.70198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T05:38:56Z","timestamp":1775194736000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Platelet clotting defects in severe trauma identified by a whole blood microfluidic assay"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Gian Rivera","family":"Crespo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"George W. Woodruff Department of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Killinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4967-624X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Bresette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George W. 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