{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T11:10:03Z","timestamp":1780485003417,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023174","name":"Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["014\/E5\/PG.02.00\/PRPB BATCH 2\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["014\/E5\/PG.02.00\/PRPB BATCH 2\/2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023174","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023174","name":"Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4922\/UN1\/DITLIT\/PT.01.03\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4922\/UN1\/DITLIT\/PT.01.03\/2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023174","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although widely studied and reported for more than 30\u2009years, the molecular basis of Rh D\u2010negativity has remained unexplored in several regions of the world, including in Indonesia, Southeast Asia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A subset of 436 Indonesian blood donors originally typed D\u2010negative (D\u2013) by routine serological testing was analyzed at the molecular level by a previously reported three\u2010step strategy, including 1\/quantitative multiplex PCR of short fluorescent fragments (QMPSF); 2\/Sanger sequencing of\n                      <jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic>\n                      exon 9; and 3\/ Sanger sequencing of all\n                      <jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic>\n                      exons, allowing the identification of structural variants, the c.1227G&gt;A single nucleotide variant (SNV) defining the Asian type\n                      <jats:italic>DEL<\/jats:italic>\n                      allele (i.e.,\n                      <jats:italic>RHD*01EL.01<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), and all other SNVs, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Deletion of the whole\n                      <jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene (\n                      <jats:italic>RHD*01N.01<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) is by far the most common allele (allele frequency\u2009=\u20090.8245), followed by\n                      <jats:italic>RHD*01EL.01<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.0849),\n                      <jats:italic>RHD*01EL.44<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.0241) and\n                      <jats:italic>RHD*01N.03<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.0172). In the 18 others, five alleles were novel, including\n                      <jats:italic>RHD*1220delT<\/jats:italic>\n                      that is assumed to result in a premature stop codon;\n                      <jats:italic>RHD*c.635\u20101A<\/jats:italic>\n                      and a complex hybrid allele carrying the c.486+5A variant, both of which disrupting splicing; and a complex\n                      <jats:italic>RHD*01N(ex8del)<\/jats:italic>\n                      allele deleting a ~2 kilobase genomic region including exon 8.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, we report for the first time the molecular basis of D\u2013 phenotype in the Indonesian population. Although characterized by some specificities as illustrated by the novel variant alleles, it seems that the distribution of the variant alleles globally mimics what is observed in another Southeast Asian country, that is Thailand, thus allowing implementation of common guidelines at a transnational level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.70276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:37:17Z","timestamp":1780483037000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigating the molecular basis of the serological Rh D\u2010negative phenotype in Indonesia: nature, frequency, and impact for diagnostics"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Tonny","family":"Wongso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Blood Center H. Adam Malik Hospital  Medan Indonesia"},{"name":"Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada  Yogyakarta Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8848-1336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teguh","family":"Triyono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada  Yogyakarta Indonesia"},{"name":"Hospital Blood Center Dr. Sardjito Hospital  Yogyakarta Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"B\u00e9nech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB  Brest France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gauthier","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB  Brest 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