{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:43:50Z","timestamp":1792158230758,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1K23HL151826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1K23HL151826"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects over 7 million people globally, with blood transfusion remaining a cornerstone of management. However, contemporary transfusion practices across diverse settings remain poorly characterized. We evaluated global transfusion practices for patients with SCD to identify gaps and inform resource prioritization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional web\u2010based survey of clinicians and laboratory professionals providing transfusion support for SCD, distributed via email using three professional society's membership lists (July\u2013September 2025). Variables included facility characteristics, pre\u2010transfusion testing capabilities, antigen\u2010matching strategies, transfusion modalities, and barriers to care, stratified by World Bank income classification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After excluding incomplete\/duplicate responses, 102 facilities from 39 countries were analyzed; 95 actively treated patients with SCD. Facilities were predominantly public (73%), with 46% in lower\u2010middle\u2010income countries (LMICs). Routine newborn screening was performed by 33% overall (48% high\u2010income countries [HICs] vs. 0% low\u2010income). While ABO\/RhD typing was nearly universal, antibody screening was available in only 72% of facilities (0% low\u2010income, 47% LMICs, 98% HICs). Prophylactic RBC antigen matching was performed by 46% (18% LMICs vs. 70% HICs), primarily limited to Rh(CcEe) and K. Automated RBC exchange was available in 44% overall (0% low\u2010income, 25% LMICs, 73% HICs); among facilities with exchange capability, 83% of HICs versus 36% of LMICs could provide exchange within 24\u2009h for acute indications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pronounced income\u2010related disparities exist in SCD transfusion support. Facilities in lower\u2010income settings disproportionately lack antibody testing, prophylactic matching, and timely automated exchange. Targeted infrastructure investment and context\u2010appropriate guidelines are essential for equitable care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.70331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T11:15:09Z","timestamp":1784114109000},"page":"1926-1938","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A global survey of blood transfusion practices for patients with sickle cell disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5719-9685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy W.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8649-0650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arwa Z.","family":"Al\u2010Riyami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, University Medical City  Muscat Oman"},{"name":"College of Medicine and Health Sciences Sultan Qaboos University  Muscat Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6133-0677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeannie","family":"Callum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine Queen's University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1089-5787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meghan","family":"Delaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine Children's National Hospital  Washington District of Columbia 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 Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0961-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divjot Singh","family":"Lamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER)  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4801-6250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Makani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sickle Cell Program Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences  Dar es Salaam Tanzania"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences  Dar es Salaam Tanzania"},{"name":"Imperial Sickle Cell Group, Centre for Haematology, 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