{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:57:41Z","timestamp":1790765861871,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR203337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood services need to increase representativeness of donors from ethnically diverse communities, yet evidence\u2010based recruitment strategies remain scarce. Co\u2010design with community partners is a promising approach to developing culturally resonant materials, but the extent of its use globally remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We surveyed transfusion professionals registered with the Association for the Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies (AABB) and the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT). Respondents reported recruitment methods in general use and ranked their perceived effectiveness. We then examined the adoption of co\u2010design specifically for ethnically diverse donor recruitment, including attitudes, barriers, and evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 170 respondents across four regions (Europe, North America, South\u2010East\u2010Asia, Rest\u2010of\u2010the\u2010World), 94% reported that their institution actively recruited blood donors, and 51% identified they had a critical need for ethnically diverse supplies. Co\u2010design was used by 33% of active recruiters, ranking seventh of 11 methods. Among those stating a critical need: 73% had developed ethnically tailored materials, 38% had used co\u2010design, 13% co\u2010designed videos, and 11% evaluated co\u2010designed video effectiveness. Attitudes were favorable regardless of critical\u2010need status, with 82%\u201389% endorsing bespoke videos as effective. Barriers were predominantly resource\u2010based: funding (54%\u201357%), media\u2010production expertise (29%\u201335%), and co\u2010design expertise (24%\u201336%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Co\u2010design for ethnically diverse donor recruitment is underused, revealing a belief\u2013practice gap: attitudes are favorable, but adoption is low. Barriers are resource\u2010based rather than attitudinal, and evaluation is rare. Wider adoption depends on building organizational capacity: funding, co\u2010design expertise, and embedding evaluation from the outset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.70412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:07:49Z","timestamp":1790762869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Co\u2010design with community partners in blood donor recruitment: A global assessment"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1161-5815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Mills","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8649-0650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arwa Z.","family":"Al\u2010Riyami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, University Medical City  Muscat Oman"},{"name":"College of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences Sultan Qaboos University  Muscat Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6133-0677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeannie","family":"Callum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kingston Health Sciences Center  Canada"},{"name":"School of Medicine Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9629-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abiola","family":"Okubanjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Action On Blood  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Bocquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Standards Development and Quality Initiatives Association for the Advancement of Blood &amp; Biotherapies  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9385-6497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Masser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"},{"name":"Strategy and Research Australian Red Cross Lifeblood  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychology The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland 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