{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T17:02:57Z","timestamp":1777136577290,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["vaajournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,9]],"date-time":"2014-07-09T02:07:37Z","timestamp":1404871657000},"page":"250-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["S-ketamine versus racemic ketamine in dogs: their relative potency as induction agents"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Casoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Spadavecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Adami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1024\/0036-7281\/a000513","article-title":"Seizure activity occurring in two dogs after S- ketamine-induction","volume":"155","author":"Adami","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1991.tb00856.x","article-title":"Enantioselectivity in the anaesthetic effect of ketamine in dogs","volume":"14","author":"Deleforge","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib3","first-page":"597","article-title":"The action of S-(+)-ketamine on serum catecholamine and cortisol. A comparison with ketamine racemate","volume":"41","author":"Doenicke","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anaesthesist"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2008.00965.x","article-title":"Relative potency of ketamine and S(+)-ketamine in dogs","volume":"31","author":"Duque","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00002463","article-title":"Recovery and psychomimetic reactions following S-(+)-ketamine","volume":"46","author":"Engelhardt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anaesthesist"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/s001010050546","article-title":"Recovery time after (S)-ketamine or ketamine racemate. Recovery time after short anesthesia in volunteers","volume":"47","author":"Engelhardt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anaesthesist"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1638\/2008-0016.1","article-title":"Comparison of racemic ketamine versus (S+) ketamine when combined with midazolam for anesthesia of Callithrix jacchus and Callithrix penicillata","volume":"41","author":"Furtado","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2009.00502.x","article-title":"The sedative effects of low-dose medetomidine and butorphanol alone and in combination intravenously in dogs","volume":"37","author":"Girard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198508000-00009","article-title":"Induction dose-response curves for midazolam and ketamine in premedicated ASA class III and IV patients","volume":"64","author":"Gross","year":"1985","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1986.47.04.795","article-title":"Cardiovascular changes in dogs given diazepam and diazepam-ketamine","volume":"47","author":"Haskins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib11","first-page":"431","article-title":"Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine: R(-)-ketamine inhibits the elimination of S(+)-ketamine","volume":"70","author":"Ihmsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.10.1710","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory effects of intravenous bolus administration and infusion of ketamine-midazolam in dogs","volume":"54","author":"Jacobson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00570.x","article-title":"Comparison of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine as agents for induction of anesthesia in goats","volume":"37","author":"Jud","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1024\/0036-7281.150.12.599","article-title":"Anaesthesia recovery quality after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine administration to male cats undergoing neutering surgery","volume":"150","author":"Larenza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.70.7.831","article-title":"Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine after constant rate infusion of a subanesthetic dose of racemic ketamine or S-ketamine in Shetland ponies","volume":"70","author":"Larenza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.70.6.710","article-title":"Evaluation of anesthesia recovery quality after low-dose racemic or S-ketamine infusions during anesthesia with isoflurane in horses","volume":"70","author":"Larenza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2012.01367.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of stereoisomeric drugs with particular reference to bioequivalence determination","volume":"35","author":"Lees","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200202000-00022","article-title":"Cognitive impairment after small-dose ketamine isomers in comparison to equianalgesic racemic ketamine in human volunteers","volume":"96","author":"Pfenninger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib19","first-page":"742","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Reves","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2007.00351.x","article-title":"Comparison of Ketamine and S(+) ketamine, with romifidine and diazepam for total intravenous anesthesia in horses","volume":"35","author":"Rossetti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197212000-00008","article-title":"Circulatory responses to ketamine anesthesia","volume":"37","author":"Tweed","year":"1972","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198202000-00007","article-title":"Ketamine\u2013its pharmacology and therapeutic uses","volume":"56","author":"White","year":"1982","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1982.180.12.1462","article-title":"Pharmacologic effects of ketamine and its use in veterinary medicine","volume":"180","author":"Wright","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12200_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-322","article-title":"S-(+)-ketamine versus ketamine racemic mixture: hemodynamic studies]","volume":"35","author":"Zickmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1467298716301830?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1467298716301830?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T02:50:10Z","timestamp":1761447010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1467298716301830"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1467298716301830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vaa.12200","relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-2987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-2987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"S-ketamine versus racemic ketamine in dogs: their relative potency as induction agents","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vaa.12200","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}