{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:19:51Z","timestamp":1783948791022,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty Research Committee Grant, University of the Witwatersrand"},{"name":"National Research Foundation, South Africa"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["vaajournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T02:43:57Z","timestamp":1456800237000},"page":"528-538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Ampakine CX1942 attenuates opioid-induced respiratory depression and corrects the hypoxaemic effects of etorphine in immobilized goats (Capra hircus)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Anna J","family":"Haw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leith CR","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J","family":"Greer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2003.10.033","article-title":"Modulation of AMPA receptor kinetics differentially influences synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus","volume":"123","author":"Arai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2012.04.007","article-title":"Effects of doxapram, prethcamide and lobeline on spirometric, blood gas and acid\u2010base variables in healthy new\u2010born calves","volume":"194","author":"Bleul","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2009.10.017","article-title":"Respiratory and cardiovascular effects of doxapram and theophylline for the treatment of asphyxia in neonatal calves","volume":"73","author":"Bleul","year":"2010","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1021\/jm00326a004","article-title":"Excretion, distribution, and metabolism of doxapram hydrochloride","volume":"8","author":"Bruce","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib5","series-title":"Chemical and Physical Restraint of Wild Animals","first-page":"53","article-title":"Applied pharmacology","author":"Burroughs","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v72i3.636","article-title":"Changes in respiratory function following intramuscular administration of etorphine in Boer goats (Capra hircus)","volume":"72","author":"Buss","year":"2001","journal-title":"J S Afr Vet Assoc"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181c38c25","article-title":"Incidence, reversal, and prevention of opioid\u2010induced respiratory depression","volume":"112","author":"Dahan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2014-0374OC","article-title":"Ampakines enhance respiratory output in a murine model of Pompe disease","volume":"53","author":"El Mallah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-040510-130049","article-title":"Understanding the rhythm of breathing: so near, yet so far","volume":"75","author":"Feldman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1993.70.4.1497","article-title":"Generation and transmission of respiratory oscillations in medullary slices: role of excitatory amino acids","volume":"70","author":"Funk","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1991.sp018622","article-title":"Role of excitatory amino acids in the generation and transmission of respiratory drive in neonatal rats","volume":"437","author":"Greer","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0253-0","article-title":"Butorphanol with oxygen insufflation corrects etorphine\u2010induced hypoxaemia in chemically immobilized white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum)","volume":"10","author":"Haw","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib13","first-page":"166","article-title":"Comparative cardiovascular effects of intravenous etorphine and carfentanil in domestic goats","volume":"21","author":"Heard","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1996.57.01.87","article-title":"Comparative cardiopulmonary effects of intramuscularly administered etorphine and carfentanil in goats","volume":"57","author":"Heard","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000412","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000412","article-title":"Improving bioscience research reporting: the ARRIVE Guidelines for Reporting Animal Research","volume":"8","author":"Kilkenny","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra012457","article-title":"Hypocapnia","volume":"347","author":"Laffey","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2005.09.005","article-title":"Glutamate\u2010based therapeutic approaches: ampakines","volume":"6","author":"Lynch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R405","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00440.2005","article-title":"Zacopride and 8\u2010OH\u2010DPAT reverse opioid\u2010induced respiratory depression and hypoxia but not catatonic immobilization in goats","volume":"290","author":"Meyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-46.2.514","article-title":"Effects of serotonin agonists and doxapram on respiratory depression and hypoxemia in etorphine\u2010immobilized\u00a0impala (Aepyceros melampus)","volume":"46","author":"Meyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-015-0337-5","article-title":"Hypoxia following etorphine administration in goats (Capra hircus) results more from pulmonary hypertension than from hypoventilation","volume":"11","author":"Meyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2009.194","article-title":"Selective antagonism of opioid\u2010induced ventilatory depression by an ampakine molecule in humans without loss of opioid analgesia","volume":"87","author":"Oertel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.133660","article-title":"Inspiratory bursts in the preB\u00f6tzinger complex depend on a calcium\u2010activated non\u2010specific cation current linked to glutamate receptors in neonatal mice","volume":"582","author":"Pace","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen094","article-title":"Opioids and the control of respiration","volume":"100","author":"Pattinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200606-778OC","article-title":"Ampakines alleviate respiratory depression in rats","volume":"174","author":"Ren","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31819faa2a","article-title":"Ampakine CX717 protects against fentanyl\u2010induced respiratory depression and lethal apnea in rats","volume":"110","author":"Ren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00752.2012","article-title":"Respiratory depression in\u00a0rats induced by alcohol and barbiturate and alleviation by ampakine CX717","volume":"113","author":"Ren","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318291079c","article-title":"Co\u2010administration of the ampakine CX717 with propofol reduces respiratory depression and fatal apneas","volume":"118","author":"Ren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201410-1898OC","article-title":"Ampakines enhance weak endogenous respiratory drive and alleviate apnea in perinatal rats","volume":"191","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1683005","article-title":"Pre\u2010B\u00f6tzinger complex: a brainstem region that may generate respiratory rhythm in mammals","volume":"254","author":"Smith","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.12703\/P6-79","article-title":"Opioid\u2010induced respiratory depression: reversal by non\u2010opioid drugs","volume":"6","author":"Van der Schier","year":"2014","journal-title":"F1000Prime Rep"},{"key":"10.1111\/vaa.12358_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3458.2006.00236.x","article-title":"A new look at the respiratory stimulant doxapram","volume":"12","author":"Yost","year":"2006","journal-title":"CNS Drug Rev"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1467298716300101?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1467298716300101?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T02:48:48Z","timestamp":1761446928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1467298716300101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1467298716300101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vaa.12358","relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-2987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-2987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ampakine CX1942 attenuates opioid-induced respiratory depression and corrects the hypoxaemic effects of etorphine in immobilized goats (Capra hircus)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vaa.12358","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}