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To expand upon previous studies regarding the biological relevance of increased serum alkaline phosphatase as a negative prognostic factor, xenogeneic heterotopic transplants were performed using six canine primary osteosarcoma cell lines generated from patients with differing serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations (three normal and three increased). Three of the six cell lines were capable of generating tumours and tumour formation was independent of the serum alkaline phosphatase status of the cell line. Microarray analysis identified 379 genes as being differentially expressed between the tumourigenic and non\u2010tumourigenic cell lines. Frizzled\u20106 was upregulated to the greatest extent (7.78\u2010fold) in tumourigenic cell lines compared with non\u2010tumourigenic cell lines. Frizzled\u20106, a co\u2010receptor for Wnt ligands has been associated with enhanced tumour\u2010initiating cells and poor prognosis for other tumours. The increased expression of frizzled\u20106 was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) and Western blot analysis. Additionally, the tumourigenic cell lines also had an increase in the percentage of side population cells compared with non\u2010tumourigenic cell lines (5.89% versus 1.58%, respectively). There were no differences in tumourigenicity, frizzled\u20106 or percentage of side population cells noted between osteosarcoma cell lines generated from patients of differing serum alkaline phosphatase concentration. However, to our knowledge this is the first study to identified frizzled\u20106 as a possible marker of osteosarcoma cell populations with enhanced tumourigenicity and side population cells. Future work will focus on defining the role of frizzled\u20106 in osteosarcoma tumourigenesis and tumour\u2010initiating cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,16]],"date-time":"2015-02-16T11:44:46Z","timestamp":1424087086000},"page":"78-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Tumourigenic canine osteosarcoma cell lines associated with frizzled\u20106 up\u2010regulation and enhanced side population cell frequency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"L. C.","family":"de S\u00e1 Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. 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