{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:28:29Z","timestamp":1792106909175,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Comparative Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prediction of the likely histopathological diagnosis of canine splenic masses can guide appropriate decision\u2010making. This study explores the predictive effect of breed and clinical presentation on the diagnosis of a canine splenic mass. Records from the Royal Veterinary College, United Kingdom (2007\u20102017) were reviewed. Dogs with a histopathologic or cytologic diagnosis from a splenic mass, or imaging findings consistent with disseminated metastatic disease, were included. Signalment, physical examination, haematology results, imaging findings and pathology reports were recorded. Breeds were grouped according to several permutations of their phenotype and then by clustering of breeds based on single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of malignancy and haemangiosarcoma. Two hundred and eighty\u2010eight dogs were identified: 27% female and 63% male, 21% entire and 79% neutered; German Shepherd was the most common breed (11%). Median age was 10\u2009years and median bodyweight 25\u2009kg. Thirty\u2010eight percent of dogs presented with haemoabdomen; a splenic mass was found incidentally in 28%. Sixty percent had a malignant tumour of which haemangiosarcoma comprised 66%. On multivariable analysis, genotype\u2010based breed group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .004), haemoabdomen (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and neutrophil count (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .025) predicted malignancy, and genotype\u2010based breed group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and haemoabdomen (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) predicted haemangiosarcoma. Genotype\u2010based breed group and occurrence of haemoabdomen may have predictive value to diagnose malignant splenic masses and more specifically haemangiosarcoma. The effect of genotype\u2010based breed grouping was a superior predictor of the diagnosis of a canine splenic mass lesion compared with all phenotype\u2010based groupings tested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]],"date-time":"2020-02-11T10:02:09Z","timestamp":1581415329000},"page":"548-558","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Refining the \u201cdouble two\u2010thirds\u201d rule: Genotype\u2010based breed grouping and clinical presentation help predict the diagnosis of canine splenic mass lesions in 288 dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7661-7283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Owen","family":"Davies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Highcroft Veterinary Referrals Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3852-0127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela J.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Mother Hospital for Animals Royal Veterinary College, University of London North Mymms UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.200.06.829","article-title":"Prevalence, type, and importance of splenic diseases in dogs: 1,480 cases (1985\u20101989)","volume":"200","author":"Spangler WL","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00085.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2008.125m4.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1989.tb03092.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/0390518"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.232.4.553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/0450072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1995.tb02769.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Canine hemangiosarcoma: retrospective analysis of 104 cases","volume":"186","author":"Brown NO","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870401600606"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Canine neoplasia\u2013population based incidence of vascular tumours","volume":"125","author":"Moe L","year":"2008","journal-title":"APMIS Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.129.18.408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055937"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"706","article-title":"Epidemiologic, clinical, pathologic, and prognostic characteristics of splenic hemangiosarcoma and splenic hematoma in dogs: 217 cases (1985)","volume":"193","author":"Prymak C","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.244.3.309"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.104983","article-title":"Splenic mass diagnosis in dogs undergoing splenectomy according to breed size","volume":"184","author":"O'Byrne K","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-6934"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-6346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.239.10.1325"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12838"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.248.11.1267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12361"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1991.tb00923.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.66.573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","article-title":"German shepherds and splenic tumours","volume":"224","author":"Done SH","year":"1978","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2009.00421.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-011-9387-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08837"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","unstructured":"Breed Information Centre.2019;https:\/\/www.thekennelclub.org.uk\/services\/public\/breed\/Default.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.6772807"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402374101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02168"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15393"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0167742"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15394"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2008.00181.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.147.11.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.39-1-66"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","first-page":"1041","article-title":"Malignant histiocytosis in Bernese Mountain dogs","volume":"188","author":"Rosin A","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/941275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1995.tb02838.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.1514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2016.0081"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","first-page":"909","article-title":"A prospective survey of familial canine lymphosarcoma","volume":"72","author":"Onions DE","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5810.2004.00047.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-4613"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0255.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2011.00285.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RupleA AveryAC MorleyPS.Differences in the geographic distribution of lymphoma subtypes in Golden retrievers in the USA.Vet Comp Oncol.2016.","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12258"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1557-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-2362-5.00003-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dju124"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21849"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2016.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112402"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224945"}],"container-title":["Veterinary and Comparative Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vco.12574","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vco.12574","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vco.12574","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T12:17:31Z","timestamp":1722428251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vco.12574"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vco.12574"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vco.12574","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-5810","1476-5829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-5810","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-10-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}