{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:22:39Z","timestamp":1787016159875,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Comparative Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Reports on canine frontal sinus carcinomas (FSCs) are scarce. This retrospective review of 41 dogs with FSC (2001\u20132022) describes demographic and clinical characteristics of canine FSC and reports the clinical experience and overall survival following treatment with toceranib phosphate (TOC) and meloxicam in 10 cases. Median age at diagnosis was 10.6\u2009years (range: 6.5\u201315.4\u2009years). There was a male\u2010to\u2010female\u2010ratio of 2.4:1. The most common breeds were Jack Russell Terriers (JRT) (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a07; 17.1%) and Rottweilers (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a03, 7.3%). Mesocephalic breeds (70.6%) were most commonly affected, brachycephalics accounted for 8.8%. The most frequent clinical signs included skull deformation dorsomedial to the eye (87.5%), pain\/head\u2010shyness (40.0%), ocular (22.5%)\/nasal (17.5%) discharge, and exophthalmos (17.5%). Duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis varied from a few days to 9\u00a0months. There were no neurological signs at initial presentation despite imaging evidence of osteolysis of the lamina interna of the frontal bone in most dogs (69.4%). In 11.5%, pulmonary changes suggestive of metastasis or concurrent primary pulmonary neoplasia were present. Tumour types included squamous cell carcinoma (58.5%), unspecified carcinoma (29.3%), and adenocarcinoma (9.8%). Ten dogs were treated with TOC (median 2.8\u00a0mg\/kg EOD or three times per week) and meloxicam (0.1\u00a0mg\/kg, EOD) (TOC\u2010M), resulting in subjective regression of skull deformity in 8\/10 (80.0%) patients. Overall median survival time with TOC\u2010M was 183.5\u2009days (range: 120\u2013434\u2009days). FSCs typically present with skull deformation, but no overt neurological signs. Male dogs and JRT may be overrepresented. The use of TOC\u2010M in FSC appears promising and warrants further prospective evaluation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T10:34:35Z","timestamp":1675679675000},"page":"231-239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Frontal sinus carcinoma in forty\u2010one dogs (2001\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7435-8844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Gedon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology Small Animal Clinic Hofheim  Hofheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology Small Animal Clinic Hofheim  Hofheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarno M.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology Small Animal Clinic Hofheim  Hofheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2011.00292.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107327480401100302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815621878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2016.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00195.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(92)50305-9"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"851","article-title":"Neoplasms of the nasal passages and paranasal sinuses in domesticated animals as reported by 13 veterinary colleges","volume":"37","author":"Madewell BR","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.45-2-181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098587801500103"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"Carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in dogs: descriptive epidemiology","volume":"72","author":"Hayes HM","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cornell Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-32-2-103"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Primary frontal sinus squamous cell carcinoma in a dog treated with surgical excision","volume":"58","author":"Grimes JA","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.889"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"1191","article-title":"Sinonasal tumor in 3 dogs after successful topical treatment for frontal sinus aspergillosis","volume":"50","author":"Greci V","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vrc2.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/era.10.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/CA.2007.0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2010.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000283"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-013-0025-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-020-01862-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40136-020-00279-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12761"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Radiation therapy for tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in dogs","volume":"50","author":"Elliot KM","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73088-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-9-190"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","unstructured":"KesslerM MichelA.Response of canine intranasal tumors to a COX\u2010inhibitor (meloxicam) alone and in combination with hypofractionated radiation therapy. 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