{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T04:05:45Z","timestamp":1747454745111,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Comparative Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The enzyme poly (ADP\u2010ribose) polymerase\u20101 (PARP\u20101) is crucial for cellular regulation and DNA repair. Its immunohistochemical overexpression is known in various human neoplasms, but it was not yet a topic of veterinary research. Formalin\u2010fixed paraffin\u2010embedded canine samples of 15 controls and 34 tumours were immunohistochemically tested for PARP\u20101 expression. Controls included five skin samples with mast cells, five oral mucosa samples and five thyroid glands. Tumours included 18 mast cell tumours (MCTs), 10 oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and six follicular thyroid carcinomas. A board\u2010certified veterinary pathologist defined the optimal region for the blind PARP\u20101 evaluation, assessed by two independent veterinary PhD students. Positive nuclei were evaluated by the immunoreactivity score (IRS) and quick score (QS) and, for both scores, the averages of the two observers were used for statistical analysis. In all MCTs, 6\/10 SCCs and all thyroid carcinomas as well as four thyroid controls a nuclear expression was observed. A cytoplasmic granular staining was visible in all dermal mast cells and in 11\/18 MCTs due to non\u2010specific antibody uptake. No PARP\u20101 was expressed in 11\/15 controls.Compared to the controls, thyroid carcinomas significantly overexpressed PARP\u20101 when calculated by IRS and QS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005, respectively). The latter also applied to the MCTs (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). A significantly higher PARP\u20101 IRS and QS were observed in thyroid carcinomas (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005) and MCTs (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012) compared to oral SCCs. The immunohistochemical PARP\u20101 overexpression in these tumours invites further research to assess its potential as a therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.13053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T00:45:37Z","timestamp":1743813937000},"page":"267-277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Poly (<scp>ADP<\/scp>\u2010Ribose) Polymerase\u20101 Enzyme Is Overexpressed in Various Solid Canine Tumours: An Immunohistochemical Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3803-1924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shana","family":"De Vos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent Medical Research Building, University Hospital Ghent  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0990-9080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent Medical Research Building, University Hospital Ghent  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Small Animal Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"},{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Therapy (MITH) Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6684-5589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Favril","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent Medical Research Building, University Hospital Ghent  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Small Animal Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1363-0202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilde","family":"De Cock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"},{"name":"MedVet, AML  Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9875-385X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthijs","family":"Vynck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent Medical Research Building, University Hospital Ghent  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7763-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Steenbrugge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent Medical Research Building, University Hospital Ghent  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2097-8439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ward","family":"De Spiegelaere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent Medical Research Building, University Hospital Ghent  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8087-256X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilde","family":"de Rooster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent Medical Research Building, University Hospital Ghent  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Small Animal Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University  Merelbeke 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