{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T09:19:49Z","timestamp":1787822389463,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Comparative Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymatic activity has been proposed as a marker for distinguishing canine acute leukaemia (AL) subtypes (i.e., myeloid vs. lymphoid). However, ALP enzymatic activity has not been fully evaluated in CD34+ AL. Determine whether ALP enzymatic activity can differentiate CD34+ AL subtypes in dogs and distinguish CD34+ AL from CD34\u2212 haematopoietic tumours in tissue\/effusion samples. Peripheral blood from 64 dogs with CD34+ AL, 10 with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), and 10 healthy controls were prospectively evaluated for ALP enzymatic activity via cytochemical staining; a subset also underwent ALP detection by flow cytometry (FC). Archived cytology slides from 67 tissue\/effusion specimens, including 27 CD34+ AL, 22\u2009T cell lymphomas, and 18 B cell lymphomas, were retrospectively assessed. CD34+ AL cases were categorised as acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) or acute unclassifiable leukaemia (AUL) by established FC criteria. ALP positivity was defined as &gt;\u20093% ALP+ neoplastic cells, which was selected based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Cytochemical ALP activity was detected in 61\/64 (95.3%) CD34+ AL cases, with no significant differences between AML, ALL, and AUL subtypes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). All lymphoma and B cell CLL cases were ALP\u2010negative. FC\u2010based ALP analysis showed poor concordance with cytochemistry, and the correlation between %CD34\u2009+\u2009ALP+ cells and %ALP+ neoplastic cells was weak (Spearman's\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.25). While ALP enzymatic activity is present in most CD34+ AL cases, it does not reliably differentiate CD34+ AL subtypes via cytochemistry. However, ALP may help distinguish CD34+ AL from B and T cell lymphomas. FC\u2010based ALP analysis is not a reliable marker for CD34+ AL classification.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.70024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T12:25:52Z","timestamp":1761395152000},"page":"41-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Utility of Cytochemical and Flow Cytometry Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase for Differential Diagnosis of\n                    <scp>CD34<\/scp>\n                    + Acute Leukaemia in Canines"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Megan","family":"Aalto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janna","family":"Yoshimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenzie","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan","family":"Ammons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1435-8532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Rout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne C.","family":"Avery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Adam","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939\u20101676.2008.0041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/VCO.12377"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/VCO.12251"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/VCO.12136"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-59496-7.00033-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/VCO.12860"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/VCO.12825"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12227"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939\u2010165X.2006.tb00089.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165\u20102427(99)00051\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939\u2010165X.2008.00099.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1939\u2010165X.1992.TB00585.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1939\u2010165X.1991.TB00571.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588502200411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"478","volume-title":"Schalm's Veterinary Hematology","author":"Raskin R. E.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CELL.2007.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/ONCOTARGET.27356"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/ONCOTARGET.12497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/RS.3.RS\u20106299609\/V1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/JVIM.16160"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1939\u2010165X.2012.00445.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12343"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/JVIM.16515"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939\u20101676.2011.0767.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/JVIM.12304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/VCO.12568"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858241295397"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/NPROT.2012.154"}],"container-title":["Veterinary and Comparative Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vco.70024","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vco.70024","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vco.70024","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:37:26Z","timestamp":1787819846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vco.70024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vco.70024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vco.70024","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-5810","1476-5829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-5810","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}