{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T06:08:50Z","timestamp":1778998130102,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Comparative Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Radiation therapy (RT) has emerged as a promising non\u2010surgical approach for treating canine adrenal tumours. This multi\u2010institutional, retrospective study describes clinical outcomes for 21 dogs having been prescribed a course of hypofractionated image\u2010guided intensity\u2010modulated RT (IMRT) entailing delivery of 25\u201335\u2009Gy total in 5 fractions given over 5\u201315\u2009days for an adrenal tumour. Diagnoses were based on imaging (abdominal ultrasound or computed tomography) and biochemical testing. All dogs had unilateral or bilateral irregular adrenal masses with evidence of vessel compression or invasion. Adrenal masses were incidentally identified in 11 dogs. The clinical diagnoses included pheochromocytoma (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200913, 61.9%), adrenocortical adenocarcinoma (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092, 9.5%) and unspecified (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096, 28.6%). Among the 16 dogs with available follow\u2010up imaging, the rates of partial response and stable disease were 37.5% (6\/16) and 62.5% (10\/16), respectively. Mild gastrointestinal side effects related to RT were reported in four dogs (19%). Early death that could have been attributable to tumour or complications of treatment occurred in two dogs (9.5%) at 21 and 52\u2009days post\u2010RT; one presenting with acute vomiting, and the other presenting with vomiting, tremors, and shock before death. Of the 15 deceased dogs, 4 (26.7%) died due to tumour\u2010related causes and 11 died due to unknown (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092) or unrelated (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099) causes. The median overall survival time was 377\u2009days, with a median follow\u2010up time of 458\u2009days for censored patients (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096). The one\u2010 and two\u2010year survival rates were 59.4% and 34.7%, respectively. These data build upon prior published reports, demonstrating that RT can be associated with prolonged survival in dogs with adrenal tumours. Hypofractionated IMRT appears to offer a potential survival benefit even in dogs with major vessel invasion or comorbidities. Future research should focus on identifying risk factors for early death and determining which patient populations are most likely to benefit from RT.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:25:07Z","timestamp":1767677107000},"page":"229-239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Multi\u2010Institutional Retrospective Study of 21 Dogs Having Undergone Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Adrenal Tumours (2017\u20132024)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yen\u2010Hao Erik","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine Louisiana State University  Baton Rouge Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7703-7720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael S.","family":"Kent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4432-9700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael W.","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8959-4535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dah\u2010Renn","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7296-4413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayme S.","family":"Looper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine Louisiana State University  Baton Rouge Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-59496-7.00026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12209"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.242.12.1715"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13221"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.12.0689"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12587"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.239.2.216"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12592"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12859"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)01370-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(96)00601-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12032"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"1121","article-title":"Clinical 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