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The turtle presented with a history of anorexia, open\u2010mouth breathing, and lethargy for one\u00a0week. The<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBC<\/jats:styled-content>findings included a mildly increased<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>, and severe leukocytosis due to high numbers of atypical cells interpreted to be blasts. The blasts were medium\u2010sized cells with round to pleomorphic nuclei, slightly clumped chromatin, indistinct nucleoli, and scant moderate\u2010to\u2010dark blue cytoplasm with occasional red\u2010to\u2010purple cytoplasmic granulation. Cytochemical and immunohistochemical staining indicated that the neoplastic cells were positive for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>3 and \u03b1\u2010naphthyl butyrate esterase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ANBE<\/jats:styled-content>), leading to the diagnosis of T\u2010cell lymphoid leukemia. Histology of tissues collected at necropsy showed multifocal infiltrations of neoplastic round cells in the liver, spleen, kidneys, testicles, pancreas, thyroid, duodenum, bone marrow, epicardium, and myocardium. Transmission electron microscopy failed to identify viral particles within the neoplastic cells. This article describes the hematologic, histologic, and ultrastructural abnormalities associated with lymphoid leukemia in this turtle, and advanced diagnostic methods used for phenotyping the T\u2010cell origin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]],"date-time":"2013-07-25T22:29:04Z","timestamp":1374791344000},"page":"368-376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Chinese Box turtle (<i><scp>C<\/scp>uora flavomarginata<\/i>) with lymphoid leukemia characterized by immunohistochemical and cytochemical phenotyping"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Marisa","family":"Bezjian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Section of Zoological Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anh 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