{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:50:53Z","timestamp":1777395053404,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]],"date-time":"2013-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Measurements of immunoglobulins (Igs) in companion animals can be useful to detect deficiencies of the humoral immune system, that can be associated with opportunistic or chronic infections, or other immune\u2010mediated disorders including B\u2010cell neoplasms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate commercially available automated immunoturbidimetric assays designed for human IgG, M, and A measurements in canine and feline serum using species\u2010specific calibrators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Canine and feline serum samples with different IgG, M, and A concentrations were used for the analytical validation of the assays. Intra\u2010 and inter\u2010assay precision, linearity under dilution, spiking recovery, and limit of detection were determined. In addition, effects of lipemia, hemolysis, and bilirubinemia were evaluated. Finally, Ig concentrations were determined in small groups of diseased dogs and cats, and compared with healthy groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spiking recovery and linearity under dilution tests showed that the assays measured Igs in canine and feline serum samples precisely and accurately. Intra\u2010 and inter\u2010assay imprecisions were lower than 15% in all cases. Significantly higher IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were observed in dogs with leishmaniasis, while dogs with pyometra showed a statistically significant increase in IgM and IgA concentrations in comparison with healthy dogs. Significantly higher IgG and IgM levels were observed in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected cats compared with healthy ones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The automated human Ig assays showed adequate precision and accuracy with serum samples from dogs and cats. Also, they were able to discriminate different concentrations of Igs in healthy and diseased animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]],"date-time":"2013-08-06T23:08:43Z","timestamp":1375830523000},"page":"270-280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evaluation of automated assays for immunoglobulin G, M, and A measurements in dog and cat serum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Asta","family":"Tvarijonaviciute","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Regional Campus of International Excellence \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d University of Murcia Espinardo Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010Subiela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Regional Campus of International Excellence \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d University of Murcia Espinardo Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Caldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Marco Veterinary Hospital Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Tecles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Regional Campus of International Excellence \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d University of Murcia Espinardo Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose J.","family":"Ceron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Regional Campus of International Excellence \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d University of Murcia Espinardo Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(85)90050-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(99)00049-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(96)05607-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.153.18.553"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.11.5652-5655.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-2791(65)90004-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_8_1","first-page":"775","article-title":"Concentrations in serum of IgG, IgM and IgA and their age\u2010dependence in beagle dogs as determined by a newly developed enzyme\u2010linked\u2010immuno\u2010sorbent\u2010assay (ELISA)","volume":"30","author":"Schreiber M","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5288(93)90008-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_10_1","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Feline Immunology and Immunodeficiency","author":"Grant CK","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(96)90002-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(98)00132-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(98)00146-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02664.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.12.1281"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000273347"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_17_1","first-page":"20","volume-title":"Schalm's Veterinary Hematology","author":"Jensen AL","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_18_1","unstructured":"Guidance for Industry. 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