{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T10:56:13Z","timestamp":1785236173980,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]],"date-time":"2014-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Indices of reticulocyte cell size and hemoglobin content show promise for diagnosing iron deficiency (FeDef), but have not been evaluated in other causes of canine anemia or microcytosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aims of this study were to establish reference intervals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RI<\/jats:styled-content>) for reticulocyte indices in dogs, and to compare results from dogs with FeDef anemia to dogs with 3 conditions that may mimic FeDef on hematologic and biochemical testing, including anemia of inflammatory disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AID<\/jats:styled-content>), portosystemic shunting (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSS<\/jats:styled-content>), or breed\u2010associated microcytosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAM<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reticulocyte indices were measured using the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADVIA<\/jats:styled-content>2120. Reference intervals were determined prospectively in 122 healthy dogs, and retrospectively compared between dogs with FeDef (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a011),<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AID<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012),<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSS<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012), and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAM<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a07).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Almost all dogs had at least one reticulocyte index outside the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RI<\/jats:styled-content>. The most discriminating reticulocyte indices were reticulocyte hemoglobin concentration (CHCMr) (FeDef\u00a0\u2264\u00a026\u00a0g\/dL,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AID<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a026\u00a0g\/dL,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSS<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a024.1\u00a0g\/dL, and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a027.7\u00a0g\/dL), reticulocyte hemoglobin content (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content>r) (FeDef\u00a0\u2264\u00a020.1\u00a0pg,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AID<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a021.8\u00a0pg,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSS<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a019.2\u00a0pg,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a021\u00a0pg), percentage of reticulocytes with low CHCMr (%Hypo\u2010r) (FeDef\u00a0\u2265\u00a074.2%, AID\u00a0\u2264\u00a080.1%,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSS<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a091.5%,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a061.6%,), and percentage of reticulocytes with low CHr (%LowCHr) (FeDef\u00a0\u2265\u00a050.7%,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AID<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a031.3%,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSS<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a063.2%,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a034.1%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reticulocyte indices can be altered in dogs with various conditions, and are not specific for FeDef. Dogs with CHCMr, CHr, %Hypo\u2010r, and %LowCHr beyond the above cutoffs are suspicious for FeDef. Dogs with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AID<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSS<\/jats:styled-content>, or<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAM<\/jats:styled-content>with reticulocyte indices altered beyond the ranges reported for those subgroups warrant evaluation for concurrent iron deficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,9]],"date-time":"2014-12-09T11:51:31Z","timestamp":1418125891000},"page":"109-119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["The utility of reticulocyte indices in distinguishing iron deficiency anemia from anemia of inflammatory disease, portosystemic shunting, and breed\u2010associated microcytosis in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Deanna M. 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