{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T22:58:49Z","timestamp":1793314729783,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]],"date-time":"2016-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000396","name":"Technology Strategy Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Tapeworm infections pose a significant threat to equine health as they are associated with clinical cases of colic. Diagnosis of tapeworm burden using fecal egg counts (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) is unreliable, and, although a commercial serologic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      for anti\u2010tapeworm antibodies is available, it requires a veterinarian to collect the blood sample. A reliable diagnostic test using an owner\u2010accessible sample such as saliva could provide a cost\u2010effective alternative for tapeworm testing in horses, and allow targeted deworming strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The purpose of the study was to statistically validate a saliva tapeworm\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      test and compare to a tapeworm\u2010specific IgG(T) serologic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum samples (139) and matched saliva samples (104) were collected from horses at a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      abattoir. The ileocecal junction and cecum were visually examined for tapeworms and any present were counted. Samples were analyzed using a serologic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and the saliva tapeworm test. The test results were compared to tapeworm numbers and the various data sets were statistically analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Saliva scores had strong positive correlations with both infection intensity (0.74) and serologic results (Spearman's rank coefficients; 0.74 and 0.86, respectively). The saliva tapeworm test was capable of identifying the presence of one or more tapeworms with 83% sensitivity and 85% specificity. Importantly, no high\u2010burden (more than 20 tapeworms) horses were misdiagnosed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The saliva tapeworm test has statistical accuracy for detecting tapeworm burdens in horses with 83% sensitivity and 85% specificity, similar to those of the serologic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (85% and 78%, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]],"date-time":"2016-05-24T23:12:24Z","timestamp":1464131544000},"page":"335-346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Validation of a novel saliva\u2010based\n                    <scp>ELISA<\/scp>\n                    test for diagnosing tapeworm burden in horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Kirsty L.","family":"Lightbody","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Austin Davis Biologics Great Addington UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austin Davis Biologics Great Addington UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrine J.","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austin Davis Biologics Great Addington UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004007127"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.134.20.515"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00123-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.09.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Prevalence and treatment of tapeworms in horses","volume":"20","author":"Slocombe JOD","year":"1979","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00188-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"112","article-title":"A modified critical test for the efficacy of pyrantel pamoate for Anoplocephala perfoliata in equids","volume":"68","author":"Slocombe JOD","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2004.225.903"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-2-S2-S2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2068-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2014.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12079"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2010.00084.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04487.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.10.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516407X217876"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X262352"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.131.4.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-3919-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00145-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1998.tb10242.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.12.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(94)00755-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(95)00837-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-18.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-169-8:985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.594929"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration.Guidance for Industry: Bioanalytical Method Validation 2001. Available at:http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/Drugs\/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation\/Guidances\/ucm070107.pdf. Accessed March 29 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.156.19.597"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21836\/PEM19990402"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2155"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001397"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fvcp.12364","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vcp.12364","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vcp.12364","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vcp.12364","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T22:40:20Z","timestamp":1696200020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vcp.12364"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vcp.12364"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vcp.12364","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-6382","1939-165X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-6382","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-165X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-05-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}