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Physical examination and thoracic radiographs indicated pneumonia, a soft\u2010tissue mass in the left caudal lung lobe, and diffuse pleural effusion. The effusion was classified as modified transudate. Rare extracellular elongated (~5\u20137\u00a0\u03bcm\u00a0\u00d7\u00a01\u20132\u00a0\u03bcm) zoites with a central round to oval\u2010shaped purple to deep purple vesicular nucleus with coarsely stippled chromatin and light blue cytoplasm were seen on a peripheral blood smear. Serum IgG and IgM were positive for<jats:italic>Sarcocystis<\/jats:italic>sp. antibodies and negative for<jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>antibodies, suggesting that the infection was acute rather than a recrudescence of prior infection. This organism was most consistent with either<jats:italic>Sarcocystis neurona<\/jats:italic>or<jats:italic>Sarcocystis dasypi<\/jats:italic>based on<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content>sequence analysis of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>products using<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COC<\/jats:styled-content>ss<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITS<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, sn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAG<\/jats:styled-content>2, and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">JNB<\/jats:styled-content>25\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">JD<\/jats:styled-content>396 primer sets. This is the first report to visualize by light microscopy circulating<jats:italic>Sarcocystis<\/jats:italic>sp. merozoites in the peripheral blood of a domestic cat. Therefore,<jats:italic>Sarcocystis<\/jats:italic>should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats with suspected systemic protozoal infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]],"date-time":"2017-09-11T15:52:39Z","timestamp":1505145159000},"page":"526-532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Parasitemia due to<i>Sarcocystis neurona<\/i>\u2010like infection in a clinically ill domestic cat"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9098-635X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina C.","family":"Zitzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoinette E.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Jo","family":"Burkhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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