{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T22:29:03Z","timestamp":1775255343469,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fine\u2010needle aspirates from a perianal mass on an 8\u2010year\u2010old, intact male, Miniature Poodle presenting for tenesmus showed a uniform population of well\u2010differentiated hepatoid cells with no notable criteria of malignancy. The cytologic diagnosis was a perianal gland tumor, with adenoma likely given the cytomorphology. The abdominal ultrasound revealed multiple, markedly enlarged, intra\u2010abdominal lymph nodes. LN aspirates also showed well\u2010differentiated polygonal, hepatoid cells displaying no notable cellular atypia. The presence of the metastasis led to the interpretation of a well\u2010differentiated, malignant perianal gland tumor despite the benign cellular appearance. Histopathology of the surgically excised perianal mass and one enlarged abdominal lymph node revealed lobules of uniform polygonal hepatoid cells arranged in organized islands and trabeculae surrounded by a single layer of uniform reserve cells. Few mitotic figures were present. The only histopathologic indication of malignancy within the primary mass was the presence of small islands of well\u2010differentiated hepatoid cells infiltrating into adjacent tissue and possible lymphatic invasion. The histopathologic diagnosis was perianal gland adenocarcinoma. Most textbooks describe perianal gland adenocarcinomas as showing increased cellular atypia including pleomorphism, disorganization of hepatoid cells, and increased numbers of pleomorphic reserve cells with mitotic figures. This case is an example of the occurrence of a well\u2010differentiated perianal gland tumor with metastasis and highlights the importance of realizing that with these tumors, a benign cytologic and histologic appearance may not correlate with biologic behavior. To the authors\u2019 knowledge, this is the first case reporting both the cytologic and histologic appearance of a well\u2010differentiated metastatic hepatoid gland tumor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T14:43:17Z","timestamp":1540219397000},"page":"649-653","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Metastatic disease in a dog with a well\u2010differentiated perianal gland tumor"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Maggie R.","family":"McCourt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Greg M.","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie A.","family":"Breshears","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corey R.","family":"Wall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"Meinkoth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","unstructured":"ParksHF.Morphological and cytochemical observations on the circumanal glands of dogs. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis Cornell University September 1950."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Canine perianal gland tumors","volume":"144","author":"Nielson SW","year":"1964","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","first-page":"60","article-title":"Adenomas of the perianal glands in dogs","volume":"32","author":"McClelland RB","year":"1942","journal-title":"Cornell Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Canine and feline neoplasia","volume":"14","author":"Brodey RS","year":"1970","journal-title":"Adv in Vet Sci Comp Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","first-page":"2068","article-title":"Hormone\u2010dependent neoplasms of the canine perianal gland","volume":"37","author":"Hayes HM","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1989.tb00787.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1979.174.12.1301","article-title":"Castration for treatment of perianal gland neoplasms in the dog","volume":"174","author":"Wilson GP","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2005.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","first-page":"329","article-title":"Perianal adenocarcinoma in the canine male: a retrospective study of 41 cases","volume":"26","author":"Vail DM","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"A malignant neoplasm resembling a circumanal gland adenocarcinoma in a dog","volume":"66","author":"Alexander JW","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cornell Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","first-page":"389","article-title":"Malignant perianal gland tumor with metastasis in a dog","volume":"144","author":"Willson JE","year":"1964","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Metastasis of a perianal gland adenocarcinoma in a dog","volume":"30","author":"Mekus MA","year":"1968","journal-title":"Iowa State Univ Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"World Health Organization International Histological Classification of Tumors of Domestic Animals","author":"Goldschmidt MH","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Tumors in Domestic Animals","author":"Goldschmidt MH","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470752487","volume-title":"Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat","author":"Gross TL","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-5317-7.00006-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-4083-3.00003-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_1","first-page":"102","volume-title":"Cowell and Tyler's Diagnostic Cytology and Hematology of the Dog and Cat","author":"Fisher DJ","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fvcp.12662","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vcp.12662","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T21:07:50Z","timestamp":1775250470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vcp.12662"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vcp.12662"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vcp.12662","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-6382","1939-165X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-6382","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-165X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-01-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}