{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:21:04Z","timestamp":1780410064393,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007698","name":"University of Florida","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Disruption of acid\u2013base homeostasis can lead to many clinical problems. Ammonia excretion by the kidneys is critical to maintaining acid\u2013base homeostasis through bicarbonate production. Measurement of ammonia excretion may help determine if the kidneys are properly functioning in maintaining acid\u2013base balance. Reference intervals are essential tools for clinical decision\u2010making but do not currently exist for urinary ammonia\u2010to\u2010creatinine ratio (UACR) in feline patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to generate a reference interval (RI) for UACR in healthy adult cats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study used samples from client\u2010owned adult healthy cats that presented to the University of Florida Primary Care and Dentistry service (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200992). Physical examination, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, urine ammonia, and creatinine concentrations were measured. Cats were excluded if there were significant abnormalities in their urinalysis or biochemistry panel. The RI for UACR was calculated according to the recommendation of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology. The UACR was evaluated for correlation with serum bicarbonate, weight, age, and sex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The RI for UACR was 3.4\u201320.7 with 90% confidence intervals for the lower and upper limits of (3.0\u20133.7) and (16.0\u201323.7), respectively. No significant correlation with age, sex, or weight was found. There was no discernable relationship between serum bicarbonate and UACR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Establishing an RI for UACR in healthy adult cats will allow further studies to determine if changes in UACR are observed during specific disease states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.13327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T09:43:24Z","timestamp":1707299004000},"page":"136-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Development of a reference interval for urinary ammonia\u2010to\u2010creatinine ratio in feline patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Eleanor E.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca C.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy W.","family":"Mandese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna K.","family":"Rooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy E.","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia A.","family":"Wuerz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten L.","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Specht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2329-3905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Autumn N.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation University of Florida College of Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10311013"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"S70","article-title":"Metabolic and clinical consequences of 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