{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T20:34:48Z","timestamp":1787258088722,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Enhanced platelet responses have been demonstrated in heartworm\u2010infected (HWI) dogs; however, the cause and clinical implications of altered platelet function have not been fully elucidated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study evaluated platelet function in HWI dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anticoagulated whole blood collected from eight HWI and eight uninfected dogs was evaluated using turbidometric platelet aggregometry, a platelet function analyzer (PFA\u2010100), a total thrombus analysis system (T\u2010TAS), tissue factor\u2010activated and tissue plasminogen activator modified thromboelastography (TF\u2010 and tPA\u2010TEG), CBC, von Willebrand Factor activity, and fibrinogen concentrations. Platelet activation state and the presence of reticulated platelets were assessed via flow cytometric expression of P\u2010selection (CD\u201062P) and thiazole orange staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Platelet aggregation responses to adenosine diphosphate (ADP, 10\u2009\u03bcM) or collagen (20\u2009\u03bcg\/mL), PFA\u2010100 closure times, and T\u2010TAS occlusion times did not differ between groups. TEG values TF\u2010R, tPA\u2010R, TF\u2010K, and TF\u2010LY60 were decreased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.025, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.047, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.038, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.025) and TF\u2010MA, tPA\u2010MA, TF\u2010G, tPA\u2010G and TF\u2010alpha angle were increased (<jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.04) in HWI dogs. HWI dogs had higher fibrinogen concentrations (465.6\u2009\u00b1\u2009161\u2009mg\/dL vs 284.5\u2009\u00b1\u200938\u2009mg\/dL, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.008) and eosinophil counts (0.686\u2009\u00b1\u20090.27\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\/\u03bcL vs 0.267\u2009\u00b1\u20090.20\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\/\u03bcL, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.003). There was no difference in hematocrit, activation state, or percent of reticulated platelets. Non\u2010activated reticulated platelets exhibited higher CD62P expression compared with mature platelets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic canine heartworm disease was accompanied by hypercoagulability, hyperfibrinogenemia, and decreased fibrinolysis. Enhanced platelet activation was not identified in this group of HWI dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.13358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T02:40:47Z","timestamp":1716518447000},"page":"186-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of coagulation and platelet activation state and function in heartworm\u2010infected dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Carisa","family":"Fraser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandy L.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine &amp; Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Moorhead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Tarigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4299-2936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Brainard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine &amp; 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