{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T20:04:42Z","timestamp":1785441882725,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Clinical Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Pleural effusion (PE) in cats can result from transudative or exudative processes. Transudates are caused by decreased colloid osmotic pressure (\u2193COP) or elevated hydrostatic pressure (\u2191HP) gradient, while exudates arise from increased pleural capillary permeability. Diagnostic classification approaches traditionally rely on pleural effusion total protein (TP\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n ) and total nucleated cell counts (TNCC\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n ). In contrast, Light's criteria employing pleural effusion lactate dehydrogenase (LDH\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n ), LDH\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n divided by serum LDH (LDH\n ratio<\/jats:sub>\n ), and pleural effusion to serum protein ratio (TP\n ratio<\/jats:sub>\n ) are more accurate than classification based on TP\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n \/TNCC\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n in humans and show promise in cats.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To assess the diagnostic accuracy of TNCC\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n , LDH\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n , LDH\n ratio<\/jats:sub>\n , TP\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n , and TP\n ratio<\/jats:sub>\n in classifying feline PEs in \u2191HP\u2010transudates, \u2193COP\u2010transudates, or exudates and to compare simplified Light's criteria (which relies solely on LDH\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n ) with Light's criteria and existing veterinary classification schemes based on TP\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n and TNCC\n PE<\/jats:sub>\n (named Vet\u2010A and Vet\u2010B).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Cross\u2010sectional study including 83 client\u2010owned cats with PE.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n There were 55 exudates, 28 \u2191HP\u2010transudates, and 0 \u2193COP\u2010transudates. All the variables analyzed were significantly different between exudates and transudates. Simplified Light's criteria correctly classified 50\/55 exudates and 26\/28 \u2191HP\u2010transudates (sensitivity\u2009=\u200991%, specificity\u2009=\u200993%, accuracy\u2009=\u200992%). Light's criteria correctly identified 55\/55 exudates but misclassified 15\/28 \u2191HP\u2010transudates as exudates (accuracy\u2009=\u200982%). Traditional veterinary schemes showed lower accuracies: Vet\u2010A (57%) and Vet\u2010B (74%). Simplified Light's criteria outperformed Vet\u2010A (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) and Vet\u2010B (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.007) and trended higher than Light's criteria (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.096).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Simplified Light's criteria demonstrate excellent diagnostic accuracy, outperforming traditional veterinary classification schemes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.70059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T09:19:26Z","timestamp":1759915166000},"page":"405-414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy of Pleural Effusion Classification Methods in Cats: An Analysis of Naturally Occurring Cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Mazzei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine San Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3468-6261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Busato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine San Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Marceglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine San Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Zoia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine San Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2010.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-77-4-507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-5558"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"1211","article-title":"Diagnostic Approach to Pleural Effusion in Adults","volume":"73","author":"Porcel J. 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