{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:17:33Z","timestamp":1770747453778,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,14]],"date-time":"2013-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1368489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gingival overgrowth is an adverse effect of ciclosporin therapy. Azithromycin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AZI<\/jats:styled-content>) in capsule and toothpaste form is an effective treatment for ciclosporin\u2010associated gingival overgrowth (Cs<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGO<\/jats:styled-content>) in humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AZI<\/jats:styled-content> in a systemic and a toothpaste form for the treatment of Cs<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGO<\/jats:styled-content> in dogs. The secondary objective was to determine which treatment is more effective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010six client\u2010owned dogs with Cs<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGO<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dogs were randomly assigned to the following four groups: AZI capsule; AZI toothpaste; placebo capsule; and placebo toothpaste. Treatments were for 4\u00a0weeks, and measurements of gingival sulcus depth, tooth length and subjective global scores were taken at weeks 0, 2, 4 and 8. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AZI<\/jats:styled-content> dose was 10\u00a0mg\/kg daily, and brushing (8.5% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AZI<\/jats:styled-content>) was once daily.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a significant decrease in gingival sulcus depth for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AZI<\/jats:styled-content> capsule group at week\u00a08 and for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AZI<\/jats:styled-content> toothpaste group at weeks 2, 4 and 8. The mean decrease in gingival sulcus depth was significantly greater in active versus placebo groups (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0356). The tooth length and subjective global scores were not significantly different for any groups. Gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in all groups, but more frequently in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AZI<\/jats:styled-content> capsule group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Azithromycin improved Cs<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGO<\/jats:styled-content> in only one measured parameter, gingival sulcus depth. Only one dog in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AZI<\/jats:styled-content> capsule group had complete resolution of Cs<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGO<\/jats:styled-content>. Further studies are warranted. Azithromycin capsules were associated with the most gastrointestinal adverse effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,14]],"date-time":"2013-05-14T09:59:42Z","timestamp":1368525582000},"page":"337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Evaluation of azithromycin in systemic and toothpaste forms for the treatment of ciclosporin\u2010associated gingival overgrowth in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 2965 Edinger Avenue Tustin CA 92780 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Rosenkrantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 2965 Edinger Avenue Tustin CA 92780 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