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There is no consensus on classification criteria for the eponymous diseases in animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animal<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>is very different from 90% of human<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>, which is herpes virus associated (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HAEM<\/jats:styled-content>). Animals lack acrally distributed, typical raised targets. Unlike canine parvovirus \u2018<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2019,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HAEM<\/jats:styled-content>is not an active infection. Animal<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>is often attributed to drugs, but this is rarely proved. Conversely, human and animal<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEN<\/jats:styled-content>are almost identical, life\u2010threatening disorders of epidermal necrosis and detachment, typically triggered by drugs (occasionally by infectious agents). Both<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEN<\/jats:styled-content>are mediated by cytotoxic lymphocyte responses against altered keratinocytes (infectious agents or drugs). Apoptosis results from direct cytotoxicity or through soluble mediators, namely Fas ligand, granzymes, perforin and granulysin. Diagnosis in humans is clinicopathological, with emphasis on clinical lesions; histopathology confirms the pathological process as interface (cytotoxic) dermatitis. Human<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>is self\u2010limiting; only recurrent and rare persistent cases require antiviral\/immunosuppressive therapies. Drug\u2010induced<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>responds to drug withdrawal. Idiopathic canine<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>(&gt;40%) is usually chronic, refractory to treatment and may represent heterogeneous conditions. Early identification and removal of the causative drug and high\u2010quality supportive care are critical in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEN<\/jats:styled-content>. Mortality rate is nevertheless high.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) Histopathological lesions do not reliably differentiate<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEN<\/jats:styled-content>. (2) A multicentre study to develop a consensus set of clinical criteria for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EM<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEN<\/jats:styled-content>in animals is overdue. 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