{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T08:31:13Z","timestamp":1789893073986,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,8]],"date-time":"2016-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance within bacteria continues to present therapeutic challenges. One presumed risk factor for increased rates of resistance is prior exposure to antimicrobial drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the impact of time since most recent exposure, the number of prior antimicrobial exposures and duration of use on antimicrobial resistance rates in <jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> isolates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inclusion of a case in the study required laboratory isolation of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> from a clinical specimen. Antibiograms and information regarding prior antimicrobial exposures were extracted from the medical records of dogs diagnosed with pyoderma or otitis externa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Meticillin resistance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content>) was identified in 48.1% of isolates. Recent use of beta\u2010lactam antimicrobials was associated with increased odds of resistance to meticillin (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001) and fluoroquinolones (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Antimicrobial therapy within 1\u00a0month prior to sampling was also associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> (60.7%; <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.009) and multidrug resistance (61.9%; <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.029). The number of prior exposures to beta\u2010lactams or fluoroquinolones were associated with resistance to these same classes (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.001 and 0.02, respectively) and to other antimicrobial classes (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.016 for resistance to fluoroquinolones following treatment with beta\u2010lactams and <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.015 for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> following treatment with fluoroquinolones). Longer treatment duration with beta\u2010lactam drugs was associated with higher proportion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.004).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment based upon culture and susceptibility testing is highly recommended for dogs that have received multiple antimicrobial drug exposures or that were treated within the preceding month. This may be especially important when the prior therapeutic regimen included a drug from the beta\u2010lactam or fluoroquinolone classes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,9]],"date-time":"2016-11-09T20:17:21Z","timestamp":1478722641000},"page":"468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Prior antimicrobial use as a risk factor for resistance in selected <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/i> isolates from the skin and ears of dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Gila","family":"Zur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem PO Box\u00a012 Rehovot 76100 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bella","family":"Gurevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem PO Box\u00a012 Rehovot 76100 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Elad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology Kimron Veterinary Institute Veterinary Services Ministry of Agriculture Beit Dagan 50250 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"807","volume-title":"Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat","author":"Ihrke P","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"184","volume-title":"Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology","author":"Miller 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