{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T15:01:02Z","timestamp":1761663662708,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]],"date-time":"2017-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005361","name":"American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005361","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The intradermal irritant threshold concentration for many allergens is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the intradermal irritant threshold concentration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITC<\/jats:styled-content>) of nine allergens from two different manufacturers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty privately owned clinically nonallergic dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>, cat dander, <jats:italic>Dermatophagoides farinae<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Chenopodium album<\/jats:italic> (lamb's quarter), <jats:italic>Xanthium strumarium<\/jats:italic> (cocklebur), <jats:italic>Prosopis glandulosa<\/jats:italic> (mesquite), <jats:italic>Morus alba<\/jats:italic> (white mulberry), <jats:italic>Cynodon dactylon<\/jats:italic> (Bermuda grass) and <jats:italic>Phleum pretense<\/jats:italic> (Timothy grass) from two manufacturers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALK<\/jats:styled-content>; Round Rock, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TX<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> USA<\/jats:styled-content> and Greer<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Laboratories; Lenoir, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NC<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> USA<\/jats:styled-content>) were injected intradermally at two dilutions and at 15 and 30 min evaluated subjectively (1\u20134) and objectively (horizontal wheal diameter) by two blinded investigators. A subjective score of 3 or 4 by either investigator at either timed reading was considered positive. If both concentrations resulted in positive reactions, two additional dilutions were performed. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITC<\/jats:styled-content> was defined as the lowest tested concentration that elicited a positive reaction in \u226510% of animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITC<\/jats:styled-content>s were <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic> &gt;2,000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>; cat dander 750 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALK<\/jats:styled-content>) and 2,000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> (Greer<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>); <jats:italic>D. farinae<\/jats:italic> &lt;1:10,000 w\/v; <jats:italic>C. album<\/jats:italic> &lt;6,000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>;<jats:italic> X. strumarium<\/jats:italic> &lt;6,000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>;<jats:italic> P. glandulosa<\/jats:italic> &lt;500 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>;<jats:italic> M. alba<\/jats:italic> &lt;6,000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>;<jats:italic> C. dactylon<\/jats:italic> &lt;10,000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALK<\/jats:styled-content>) and &lt;6,000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNU<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> (Greer<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>); and <jats:italic>P. pretense<\/jats:italic> &lt;6,000 PNU\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were significant differences in subjective scoring and objective measurement between manufacturers for <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>, cat dander and <jats:italic>P. pretense<\/jats:italic>. Results revealed significant positive correlation between subjective scoring and objective measurement for each time, investigator and manufacturer separately.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,30]],"date-time":"2017-06-30T03:46:40Z","timestamp":1498794400000},"page":"564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparison of the intradermal irritant threshold concentrations of nine allergens from two different manufacturers in clinically nonallergic dogs in the <scp>USA<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6169-6879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Desirae A.","family":"Foust\u2010Wheatcraft","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 3901 East 82nd Street Indianapolis IN 46240 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darin L.","family":"Dell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 3901 East 82nd Street Indianapolis IN 46240 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wayne S.","family":"Rosenkrantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 2965 Edinger Avenue Tustin CA 92780 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig E.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 5610 Kearny Mesa Road San Diego CA 92111 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"365","volume-title":"Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology","author":"Miller WH","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"376","volume-title":"Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology","author":"Miller WH","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"98","volume-title":"Allergic Skin Diseases of Dogs and Cats","author":"Reedy LM","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2009.00797.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2004.00400.x"},{"volume-title":"Advances in Veterinary Dermatology","year":"1998","author":"Curtis CF","key":"e_1_2_6_8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2012.01041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12219"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2008.00728.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"Greer\u00ae.Allergy Immunotherapy Compendium Greer\u00ae Veterinary Allergy Lenoir NC 2014 pp.48\u201349. 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