{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T19:18:01Z","timestamp":1786303081331,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,22]],"date-time":"2018-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Triticum, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>andMalassezia pachydermatis<\/jats:italic>are important agents in canine pyoderma and otitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>Determine thein\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>efficacy of a honey\u2010based gel (HBO<\/jats:styled-content>) against meticillin\u2010susceptibleS.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>(MSSP<\/jats:styled-content>), meticillin\u2010resistantS.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>(MRSP<\/jats:styled-content>) andM<\/jats:italic>.\u00a0pachydermatis,<\/jats:italic>by minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC<\/jats:styled-content>), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC<\/jats:styled-content>) and time\u2010kill assay (TKA<\/jats:styled-content>). Efficacy of the product's honey component (HO<\/jats:styled-content>) also was evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>SixtyS.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>and 10\u00a0M.\u00a0pachydermatis<\/jats:italic>canine isolates were selected. All isolates were tested against serial dilutions of anHBO<\/jats:styled-content>containing 40%HO<\/jats:styled-content>(40%, 20%, 10%, 5% and 2.5% w\/v) andHO<\/jats:styled-content>alone (undiluted, 40%, 20%, 10%, 5% and 2.5% w\/v). Microbroth assay followed by subculture was used to determineMBC<\/jats:styled-content>andMFC<\/jats:styled-content>. The same protocol was applied after product exposure to catalase. A well\u2010diffusion assay forS.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>was used to generate inhibition zones. ATKA<\/jats:styled-content>for 10 isolates ofS.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>and 10 isolates ofM.\u00a0pachydermatis<\/jats:italic>was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>MBC<\/jats:styled-content>was 20% w\/v (5\u201320% w\/v) forHBO<\/jats:styled-content>andHO<\/jats:styled-content>.HBO<\/jats:styled-content>had lowerMBC<\/jats:styled-content>values when compared toHO<\/jats:styled-content>(P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.003). No statistical difference was observed betweenMSSP<\/jats:styled-content>\/MRSP<\/jats:styled-content>isolates (HBO<\/jats:styled-content>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.757,HO<\/jats:styled-content>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.743). OnlyHO<\/jats:styled-content>was affected by catalase (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.015).MFC<\/jats:styled-content>forHBO<\/jats:styled-content>was 10% w\/v (5\u201310% w\/v) and 40% w\/v forHO<\/jats:styled-content>(20\u2013\u226540% w\/v). All isolates were killed after 4\u00a0h of exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>andM.\u00a0pachydermatis<\/jats:italic>are susceptible to theHBO<\/jats:styled-content>and these results can be used for future clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,23]],"date-time":"2018-03-23T04:51:31Z","timestamp":1521780691000},"page":"180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["In vitro<\/i>efficacy of a honey\u2010based gel against canine clinical isolates ofStaphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/i>andMalassezia pachydermatis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ana M. 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