{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T04:13:08Z","timestamp":1751688788923,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]],"date-time":"2018-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Meticillin\u2010resistant (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content>) staphylococcal pyoderma in dogs has led to increased use of alternate antibiotics such as rifampicin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFP<\/jats:styled-content>). However, little information exists regarding its pharmacodynamics in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis\/objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and killing properties of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFP<\/jats:styled-content>for canine<jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>isolates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The MIC of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFP<\/jats:styled-content>was determined using the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ETEST<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>for 50 meticillin\u2010susceptible (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>) and 50<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>isolates collected from dogs. From these isolates, two<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>isolates (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFP MIC<\/jats:styled-content>of 0.003 and 0.008\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL, respectively) and two<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content>isolates (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFP MIC<\/jats:styled-content>of 0.003 and 0.012\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL, respectively) were subjected to time\u2013kill studies. Mueller\u2013Hinton broth was supplemented with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFP<\/jats:styled-content>at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 times the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>for 0, 2, 4, 10, 16 and 24\u00a0h. The number of viable colony forming units in each sample was determined using a commercial luciferase assay kit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>were the same for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content>isolates, at 0.004\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL and 0.008\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL, respectively. Rifampicin kill curves were not indicative of concentration\u2010dependency, suggesting time\u2010dependent activity. Two isolates (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>0.003 and 0.008\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL) exhibited bacteriostatic activity, whereas two others (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content>0.003 and 0.012\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL) exhibited bactericidal activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrated that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>isolates were equally susceptible to rifampicin and that dosing intervals should be designed for time\u2010dependent efficacy. These data can support pharmacokinetic studies of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFP<\/jats:styled-content>in dogs with susceptible infections caused by<jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,30]],"date-time":"2018-05-30T06:09:53Z","timestamp":1527660593000},"page":"302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Minimum inhibitory concentration and killing properties of rifampicin against canine<i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/i>isolates from dogs in the southeast<scp>USA<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4862-9177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen K.","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University 1220 Wire Road Auburn AL 36849 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Austin C.","family":"Conley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University 109 Greene Hall Auburn AL 36849 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Kennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University 1220 Wire Road Auburn AL 36849 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terri L.","family":"Hathcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University 264 Greene Hall Auburn AL 36849 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dawn M.","family":"Boothe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University 109 Greene Hall Auburn AL 36849 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amelia G.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University 1220 Wire Road Auburn AL 36849 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2012.01051.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2012.01034.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr367"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2012.01056.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq078"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02780-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.01.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/5.Supplement_3.S407"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"404","article-title":"Cutaneous bacterial granuloma (botryomycoiss) in five dogs","volume":"68","author":"Ackerman L","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mod Vet Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.197.01.114","article-title":"Clinical pharmacology of rifampin","volume":"197","author":"Frank LA","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12083"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"Vin website.Rifampin. 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